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Table 2 Comparison of AR(-) and SemiAR for the SPPD, PA, ESPPD, and time in Test 1

From: Comparison of accuracy between augmented reality/mixed reality techniques and conventional techniques for epidural anesthesia using a practice phantom model kit

 

AR(−)_test1

SemiAR_test1

P value

SPPD [mm]

11.2 ± 4.8

7.5 ± 4.2

0.04*

PA [deg]

15.5 ± 3.6

8.0 ± 4.4

< 0.01*

ESPPD [mm]

8.7 (5.7–14.3)

4.9 (3.2–5.9)

0.027*

Time [s]

117.5 (112.0–143.5)

122.0 (95.5–136.3)

0.658

  1. Note: * P < 0.05
  2. SPPD: Surface puncture point distance, PA: Puncture angle, ESPPD: Epidural space puncture point distance