Table 2 Risk ratio for pain NRS one year after craniotomy

Age

0.98 (0.91—1.06)

0.73

Female

1.14 (0.44—2.91)

0.78

Preoperative bodily pain

0.93 (0.88—0.98)

0.01

Preoperative mental health

0.95 (0.91—1.00)

0.10

Site of craniotomy

 Supratentorial

1 (Reference)

 Infratentorial

0.99 (0.34 to 2.86)

0.98

Scalp nerve blocks

0.81 (0.15—4.39)

0.81

Blood loss volume

0.99 (0.99 to 1.00)

0.07

Surgical duration

1.00 (0.99 to 1.8)

0.32

Postoperative medication

 Dexmedetomidine

1.96 (0.60 to 6.33)

0.26

 Acetaminophen

1.33 (0.46 to 3.83)

0.59

 Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs

1.37 (0.39 to 4.81)

0.62

 Pain NRS score at the postanesthetic clinic

1.32 (1.14 to 1.52)

 < 0.001