Bupivacaine group N = 26 | Placebo group N = 26 | Absolute difference (95% CI) | P value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Hydromorphone (mg): H1 H6 H12 H18 H24 | 1.5 (0.8) 3.4 (1.8) 4.7 (2.5) 6.4 (3.5) 7.6 (4.4) | 1.7 (0.7) 3.0 (1.3) 4.4 (1.9) 6.0 (2.6) 8.1 (4.2) | -0.2 (-0.6 to 0.2) 0.4 (-0.5 to 1.4) 0.2 (-1.2 to 1.4) 0.4 (-1.4 to 2.2) -0.3 (-2.8 to 2.1) | 0.33b 0.36b 0.82b 0.67b 0.77b |
Fentanyl (mcg) | 231 (143) | 255 (142) | -24 (-103 to 55) | 0.55b |
QoR-15: Preoperative Postoperative Delta QoR-15>=8 Delta QoR-15 < 8 | 134 (10) 96 (25) 23 (88) 3 (12) | 133 (14) 106 (20) 20 (83) 4 (17) | 1.4 (-5.5 to 8.3) -11 (-23 to 2) 0.05 (-0.14 to 0.24) | 0. 68b 0.10b 0.909a |
Thorax VNRS at rest: Max Mean | 6.0 (2.1) 3.3 (1.5) | 5.4 (2.0) 2.7 (1.3) | 0.6 (-0.6 to 1.7) 0.6 (-0.2 to 1.4) | 0.34b 0.12b |
Thorax VNRS at cough: Max Mean | 7.1 (2.2) 4.9 (2.1) | 6.6 (1.8) 4.6 (2.0) | 0.5 (-0.6 to 1.6) 0.4 (-0.8 to 1.5) | 0.39b 0.54b |
Shoulder VNRS at rest: = 0, n (%) > 0, n (%) | 11 (42) 15 (58) | 13 (54) 11 (46) | 0.12 (-0.16 to 0.39) | 0.40a |
Mean | 0.8 (1.1) | 1.1 (1.4) | 0 (0 to 0.8 | 0.29d |
Shoulder VNRS at cough: = 0, n (%) > 0, n (%) | 11 (42) 15 (58) | 14 (58) 10 (42) | 0.16 (-0.11 to 0.43) | 0.26a |
Mean | 0.9 (1.5) | 1.4 (1.6) | 0 (0 to 1.2) | 0.24d |
PONV score: 1, n (%) 2, n (%) 3, n (%) Mean | 14 (54) 9 (35) 3 (12) 1.0 [1.0-1.4] | 15 (60) 8 (32) 2 (8) 1.0 [1.0-1.2] | -0.06 (-0.33 to 0.21) 0.03 (-0.23 to 0.28) 0.04 (-0.13 to 0.20) 0 (0 to 0) | 0.87a 0.54d |
Pruritus score: = 0, n (%) > 0, n (%) | 24 (92) 2 (8) | 25 (100) 0 (0) | 0.08 (-0.08 to 0.25) | 0.49c |
Mean | 0.02 (0.08) | 0.01 (0.04) | 0 (0 to 0) | 1d |
RSS score: 2, n (%) 3, n (%) 4, n (%) 5, n (%) Mean | 15 (58) 4 (15) 7 (27) 0 (0) 2.1 (0.3) | 15 (60) 3 (12) 6 (24) 1 (4) 2.1 (0.2) | -0.02 (-0.29 to 0.25) 0.03 (-0.15 to 0.22) 0.03 (-0.21 to 0.27) -0.04 (-0.12 to 0.04) 0.05 (-0.09 to 0.20) | 0.75a 0.47b |