Author (year) | Age (years) | Surgery type | Treatment groups | Anesthesia | Pain (VAS) | Analgesia and Opioids | Adverse events |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kumar (2023) [14] | 18–60 | lumbar discectomy, lumbar laminoplasty | ESPB (n = 30) mTLIP (n = 30) | 20 ml 0.2% ropivacaine bilaterally | 24 h: 1.5 (1–2.25) vs 3 (2–3.25)a 48 h: 2 (1–2) vs 2 (2–2) | 48 h fentanyl (ug): 124.16 ± 80.8 vs 189.7 ± 141.1a | No incidences ofLAST in either group |
Pavithran (2022) [15] | 20–60 | posterior lumbar spine fusion | WI (n = 35) cTLIP (n = 36) | 40 ml 0.375% ropivacaine and 10 ml 2% lignocaine; 25 mL bilaterally | 48 h: 6 (4–7) vs 4 (3–5)a | Total tramadol (mg): 220.3 ± 86.9 vs 100 ± 40.8a % requiring rescue analgesia: 91.4 vs 27.8 Time to first analgesia (min): 340 (180–360) vs 1440 (1290–2280)a | |
Ciftci (2020) [10] | 18–65 | lumbar discectomy | GA (n = 30) ESPB (n = 30) mTLIP (n = 30) | 20 mL of 0.25% BPVC bilaterally | 24 h: 0 (0–1) vs 0 (0–1) vs 0 (0–1) | Total opioids (mcg): 140 (80–260)a ^ vs 20 (0–140)a vs 20 (0–140)^ % requiring rescue analgesia: 70a ^ vs 30a vs 23^ | % Nausea: 43a ^ vs 10a vs 10^ % Vomiting: 23 vs 6 vs 10 % Itching: 13 vs 23 vs 13 |
Eltaher (2021) [16] | > 21 | Elective spine surgery | GA + NS (n = 30) cTLIP (n = 30) | 20 mL 0.25% BPVC bilaterally | 24 h (NRS at rest): 3.43 ± 0.5 vs 2.53 ± 0.97a 24 h (NRS at passive flexion): 3.93 ± 0.78 vs 2.73 ± 0.87a | 24 h morphine (mg): 14.33 ± 2.58 vs 5.13 ± 1.55a Time to first analgesia (hrs): 0.92 ± 1.23 vs 7.30 ± 2.69a | |
Tantri (2023) [17] | 18–65 | posterior lumbar decompression | ESPB (n = 20) cTLIP (n = 20) | 20 mL 0.25% BPVC bilaterally | 24 h (NRS): 3 vs 3.5 | 24 h morphine (mg): 10 (5) vs 7 (3) Time to first analgesia (min): 300 (154) vs 548 (319)a | |
Tantri (2022) [18] | 18–65 | posterior lumbar stabilization | cTLIP (n = 4) mTLIP (n = 4) | 20 mL 0.25% of BPVC bilaterally | 6 h (NRS): 3.75 ± 1.7 vs 2.75 ± 1.5 12 h (NRS): 4 ± 1.6 vs 3.5 ± 1.3 | 24 h morphine (mg): 3.5 ± 1.3 vs 3.25 ± 1.3 | |
Ince (2019) [19] | 18–85 | single level discectomy | WI (n = 20) TLIP (n = 20) | 20 mL mixture of BPVC and lidocaine bilaterally | 24 h (NRS): 2.70 ± 1.1 vs 2.60 ± 1.1 | 24 h total fentanyl: 282.0 ± 226.63 vs 206.0 ± 163.0 | |
Ammar (2018) [20] | 21–60 | single-level or multiple level lumbar discectomy | GA + NS (n = 35) cTLIP (n = 35) | 20 ml mixture of 0.25% BPVC and 1% lidocaine bilaterally | 24 h (at rest): 4 (4–4) vs 3.5 (3–4)a 24 h (movement): 6 (5–6) vs 5 (4–6) | 24 h total morphine (mg): 25.88 ± 5.17 vs 9.7 ± 6.38a Time to first analgesia (min): 82 ± 69.01 vs 442.7 ± 126.47a | Sedation score: 3 (2–4) vs 2 (2–2)a Nausea score: 0 (0–1) vs 0 (0–0) |
Çiftçi (2020) [21] | 18–65 | single-level lumbar discectomy | cTLIP (n = 30) mTLIP (n = 30) | 20 mL 0.25% BPVC bilaterally | 24 h (passive): 0.13 ± 0.34 vs 0.37 ± 0.49a 24 h (active): 0.5 ± 0.68 vs 0.47 ± 0.57 | 0–8 h fentanyl: 22.66 ± 27.65 vs 29.33 ± 25.04 8–16 h fentanyl: 5.33 ± 13.82 vs 6 ± 11.91 16–24 h fentanyl: 3.33 ± 9.22 vs 2.66 ± 6.91 | % Nausea: 6.6 vs 10 % Vomiting: 6.6 vs 10 % Itching: 23.3 vs 13.3 |
Alver (2023) [22] | 18–65 | microscopic discectomy | QLB (n = 30) mTLIP (n = 30) | 30 mL 0.25% bupivicaine bilaterally | 16 h (static NRS): 0.93 ± 0.58 vs 0.33 ± 0.71a 16 h (dynamic NRS): 1.07 ± 0.79 vs 0.43 ± 0.77a | % Need of rescue analgesia: 26.6 vs 23.3 | % Nausea: 23.3 vs 20 % Vomiting: 20 vs 16.6 % Itching: 13.3 vs 10 |
Ozmen (2019) [23] | 18–60 | Single level herniated lumbar disk surgery | GA + NS (n = 40) mTLIP (n = 40) | 20 mL bupivicaine bilaterally | Mean static NRS pain scores were lower in the mTLIP block group, while mean dynamic pain scores were similar | Total fentanyl (mcg): 742.5 ± 220.3 vs 446.0 ± 241.98a | % Nausea: 35 vs 20 |
Wang (2021) [24] | No age range given | lumbar spine fusion | GA (n = 102) ESPB (n = 100) TLIP (n = 102) | 30 mL 0.375% ropivicaine injected bilaterally | Mean static and dynamic pain scores were significantly in favor of mTLIP block group | Perioperative sufentanil (ug): 42.85 ± 7.84a ^ vs 28.72 ± 3.99a vs 27.82 ± 3.88^ Frequency PCA compressions: 4.78 ± 0.6 vs 2.69 ± 0.8a vs 3.28 ± 0.78a | % Nausea/vomiting: 20.6 vs 14.7 vs 14 % Itching: 10 vs 3.9 vs 6 |
Çelik (2020) [25] | 18–70 | single-level lumbar discectomy | Epidural (n = 30) mTLIP (n = 30) | 20 mL 0.25% bupivicaine bilaterally | 24 h: 4.43 ± 0.72 vs 3.60 ± 0.93a | Total tramadol (mg): 434.66 ± 86.61 vs 351.33 ± 46.29a % rescue analgesia: 36.6 vs 10a | Not significant between groups |
Chen (2019) [12] | 21–74 | lumbar spinal fusion surgery | GA + NS (n = 30) cTLIP (n = 30) | 30 ml of 0.375% ropivacaine bilaterally | Pain VAS scores were significantly lower with TLIP block group for up to 36 h | Total sufentanil (ug): 42.50 ± 6.40 vs 26.67 ± 5.31a Frequency of PCA compressions: 6.47 ± 0.90 vs 3.87 ± 0.94a | % Nausea/vomiting: 10 vs 8.3 % Itching: 5 vs 5 |
Ahiskalioglu (2018) [13] | 18–65 | two- or three-level posterior lumbar surgery | GA + NS (n = 20) mTLIP (n = 20) | 20 mL 0.25% bupivacaine bilaterally | Pain VAS scores were significantly lower with mTLIP | 24 h fentanyl (ug): 496 ± 231 vs 289 ± 154a | % Nausea: 30 vs 3.3a |
Ekinci (2020) [26] | 18–65 | lumbar disc surgery | WI (n = 30) mTLIP (n = 30) | 20 mL 0.25% bupivacaine bilaterally | Pain VAS scores were significantly lower with mTLIP for up to 8 h | 24 h fentanyl: 223.3 ± 74.1 vs 58.0 ± 32.0a % rescue analgesia: 50 vs 23a | % Nausea: 27 vs 7a % Vomiting: 17 vs 0a % Itching: 20 vs 3a |
Bicak (2021) [27] | 18–75 | lumbar disc surgery | WI (n = 21) mTLIP (n = 21) | 20 mL 0.25% bupivacaine bilaterally | 24 h: 0.74 vs 1.08 | Opioid consumption (mg/kg): 27.38 ± 44.65 vs 19.04 ± 40.23 | Complication rate (%): 4.8 vs 4.8 |