Comparison of intrathecal low-dose bupivacaine and morphine with intravenous patient control analgesia for postoperative analgesia for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery

Table 3 Post-operative outcomes (pain scores)

Variables	Group M (n=30)	Group B (n=30)	Group C (n=30)	P-value^a
Pain at rest
At 1 h	0 (0 ~ 1.0)	0 (0 ~ 1.0)	0.5 (0 ~ 1.0)	0.509
At 6 h	0.5 (0 ~ 1.0)	0 (0 ~ 1.0)	2.0 (2.0 ~ 2.3)	0.000
At 12 h	1.0 (0 ~ 1.0)	1.0 (0 ~ 1.0)	3.0 (2.0 ~ 3.0)	0.000
At 24 h	1.0 (0 ~ 2.0)	1.0 (0 ~ 2.0)	2.0 (2.0 ~ 3.0)	0.000
At 48 h	1.0 (0 ~ 1.0)	1.0 (0 ~ 1.0)	2.0 (2.0 ~ 3.0)	0.000
Pain with cough
At 1 h	1.0 (1.2 ~ 2.0)	1.0 (1.0 ~ 2.0)	2.0 (1.0 ~ 2.0)	0.071
At 6 h	2.0 (1.0 ~ 2.0)	1.0 (1.0 ~ 2.0)	3.0 (3.0 ~ 4.0)	0.000
At 12 h	2.0 (2.0 ~ 3.0)	2.0 (1.0 ~ 3.0)	4.0 (3.0 ~ 4.0)	0.000
At 24 h	2.0 (1.8 ~ 3.0)	2.0 (2.0 ~ 3.0)	4.0 (3.0 ~ 4.0)	0.000
At 48 h	2.0 (1.0 ~ 3.0)	2.0 (2.0 ~ 2.3)	3.5 (3.0 ~ 4.0)	0.000
Intra-operative remifentanil use(mg)	0.77 ± 0.20	0.52 ± 0.14	0.87 ± 0.27	0.000
Propofol use(mg)	429.2 ± 104.0	411.9 ± 91.0	377.0 ± 103.5	0.125
Cumulative amount of IVPCA sufentanil used in 48 h (mg)	0 (0,2.8)	0 (0,0.6)	5.2 (2.8,7.6)	0.000
Time of first analgesic request	14.5 (10.5,17.5)	18(14,20)	8(6,10)	0.000
Additional non-opioid analgesia	0 (0,0)	0(0,0)	30 (0,60)	0.000

Abbreviations: IVPCA Intravenous patient-controlled analgesia, ITM Intrathecal morphine
Time of first analgesic request:
Group 1—Group 2 95%CI: [-6.0, -3.0], Group 1—Group 3 95%CI: [-11.0, -6.0], Group 2—Group 3 95%CI: [-8.0, -3.0]

ISSN: 1471-2253