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Table 3 Exploratory outcomes

From: Intrathecal dexmedetomidine as an adjuvant to plain ropivacaine for spinal anesthesia during cesarean section: a prospective, double-blinded, randomized trial for ED50 determination using an up-down sequential allocation method

Parameters

Group Rop8 (n = 30)

Group Rop10 (n = 30)

P-value

Hypoxemia (n, %)

0

0

1

Bradycardia (n, %)

1 (3.3)

1 (3.3)

1

Hypotension (n, %)

9 (30.0)

8 (26.7)

0.774

Nausea and vomiting (n, %)

2 (6.7)

2 (6.7)

1

Visceral tract reaction

1–2–3 (n, %)

25–5–0

28–2–0

0.228

Shivering level

0–1–2–3 (n, %)

24–3–3–0

24–2–4–0

0.842

Muscle relaxation

1–2–3 (n, %)

29–1–0

29–1–0

1

Sedation level

0–1–2–3 (n, %)

15–4–11–0

21–5–4–0

0.112

Lidocaine (ml)

6.67 ± 2.44

5.77 ± 1.88

0.291

VAS of pain

 

At skin incision

0

0

1

At fetal delivery

0.70 ± 1.09

0.37 ± 0.72

0.167

At peritoneal closure

0.20 ± 0.67

0.23 ± 0.73

0.854

At skin closure

0

0.07 ± 0.25

0.155

Patient satisfaction

1–2–3–4–5 (n, %)

0–0–0–7–23

0–0–0–3–27

0.166

Umbilical vein PH

7.35 ± 0.04

7.35 ± 0.03

0.751

Apgar 1 min

9 (9,9)

9 (9,9)

0.647

Apgar 5 min

10 (10,10)

10 (10,10)

1

  1. Note: Data are presented as mean ± SD or as percentage of group total except maximum sedation level which are number of patients
  2. Abbreviations: VAS, visual analogue score