Table 1 Demographic and baseline characteristics of participants

Age (year)

71.2 ± 5.5

75.9 ± 7.2

70.0 ± 4.3

0.001 ^*

Male, n (%)

56 (47.1)

11(47.8)

45(46.9)

0.935

BMI (kg/m²)

23.6 ± 3.3

21.9 ± 3.2

24.0 ± 3.2

0.005 ^*

ASA physical status, n (%)

0.703

 ≤II

106 (89.1)

21(91.3)

85(88.5)

 III

13 (10.9)

2(8.7)

11(11.5)

Education, year (IQR)

6.0 (5.0)

6.0(2.0)

6.0(5.0)

0.177

Constipation, n (%)

43 (36.1)

12(52.2)

31(32.3)

0.075

PSQI (point)

7.0 ± 2.4

9.0 ± 2.9

6.7 ± 2.0

0.001 ^*

Hemoglobin (g/L)

121.6 ± 19.3

118.7 ± 17.4

122.3 ± 19.8

0.416

Albumin (g/L)

40.1 ± 5.5

39.1 ± 5.3

40.3 ± 5.5

0.352

WBC (10⁹/L)

6.3 ± 1.9

6.4 ± 2.1

6.3 ± 1.8

0.914

CRP (mg/L) (IQR)

2.4 (13.3)

4.6(27.7)

2.2(7.4)

0.174