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Table 1 Overlap syndrome cases characteristics

From: Management of respiratory failure in immune checkpoint inhibitors-induced overlap syndrome: a case series and review of the literature

 

Case 1

Case 2

Case 3

Case 4

Oncologic disease

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma

Metastatic prostate carcinoma

Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma

Adenocarcinoma of the lung

BMI

25.2

31.6

20.2

25.2

ICI

Nivolumab/Ipilimumab

Nivolumab/Ipilimumab

Cemiplimab

Nivolumab/Ipilimumab

Troponin T,

Ref: < 19 ng/L

620 ng/L

1383 ng/L

2,262 ng/L

565 ng/L

NT Pro-BNP

Ref: < 125 pg/mL

52 pg/ml

2446 pg/ml

827 pg/ml

27,832 pg/mL

CK,

Ref: < 309 U/L

499 U/L

2,206 U/L

558 U/L

486 U/L

CK-MB,

Ref: < 10.5 ng/mL

61.2 ng/mL

116 ng/mL

62.6 ng/mL

131 ng/mL

Aldolase,

Ref: < 7.7 U/L

10.7 U/L

10.2 U/L

43.8 U/L

9.6 U/L

ECG

Sinus tachycardia without ischemic changes

New wide QRS morphology

Premature ventricular contractions

Significant for anterolateral ST depression

Echocardiogram

No wall motion abnormalities, LVEF 55%

No wall motion abnormalities, LVEF 63%

No wall motion abnormalities, LVEF 64%

Global hypokinesis, LVEF 40%

EMG

No neuromuscular junction dysfunction

Axonal and demyelinating motor and sensory peripheral neuropathy

Signs of myositis

Signs of myositis and Guillain–Barre syndrome

Heart catheterization

Singe vessel 60% stenosis

Multi vessel disease, 60% stenosis

Multi vessel disease, 60% stenosis

Deferred until stable

Myocardial biopsy

Leucocytes infiltration

Leucocytes infiltration

Leucocytes infiltration

Refused

Muscle biopsy

Leucocytes infiltration

Leucocytes infiltration

Not performed

Refused

  1. ECG Electrocardiogram, EMG Electromyography, ICI Immune checkpoint inhibitors, LVEF Left ventricular ejection fraction, Ref Reference normal level, BMI Body Mass Index, NT pro-BNP N-terminal pro B-Type Natriuretic Peptide