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Table 4 Morphine consumption, MME consumption, additional analgesic use, and side effects during the postoperative 24 h

From: Comparison of the effects of one-level and bi-level pre-incisional erector spinae plane block on postoperative acute pain in video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery; a prospective, randomized, double-blind trial

 

One-Level ESPB (n:30)

Bi-Level ESPB (n:30)

p

Morphine Consumption via PCA (mg)β

12.0 (8.0–23.0)

10.0 (6.00–13.0)

0.113

MME consumption (mg)β

13.5 (8.00-25.7)

10.5 (6.00–15.0)

0,055

Additional Analgesic Use n (%)δ

11 (36.7%)

5 (16.7%)

0.080

Nausea n (%)δ

2 (6.66%)

1 (3.33%)

0.999

Vomiting n (%)

-

-

-

Allergic reactions n (%)

-

-

-

Respiratory depression n (%)

-

-

-

Hypotension n (%)

-

-

-

Urinary retention n (%)

-

-

-

Itching n (%)

-

-

-

  1. Continuous variables are expressed as either the median (Q1: first quartile – Q3: third quartile), and categorical variables are expressed as eitherδfrequency or percentage. Continuous variables were compared with the Mann Whitney U test, and categorical variables were compared using Pearson’s Chi-Square Test or Fisher Exact Test. ESPB: Erector Spinae Plane Block; MME: Morphine milligram equivalent; PCA: Patient-controlled analgesia.