Table 6 Study association and comparison in terms of outcome among given parameters
Details | Outcome | Total | X2 | P values | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Survived | Died | |||||
Sex | ||||||
Male | N | 201 | 49 | 250 | 0.63 | 0.42 |
% | 66.7 | 65.4 | 66.5 | |||
Female | N | 100 | 26 | 126 | ||
% | 33.3 | 34.6 | 33.5 | |||
Concomitant head injuries (AIS ≥ 3) | ||||||
Yes | N | 76 | 75 | 151 | 139.6 | 0.00** |
% | 25.2 | 100.0 | 40.2 | |||
No | N | 225 | 0 | 225 | ||
% | 74.8 | 0.0 | 59.8 | |||
Analgesia route | ||||||
Epidural | N | 120 | 7 | 127 | 26.2 | 0.00** |
% | 39.8 | 9.3 | 33.8 | |||
Para-vertebral | N | 57 | 17 | 74 | ||
% | 18.9 | 22.6 | 19.7 | |||
Systemic (IV fentanyl) | N | 124 | 51 | 175 | ||
% | 41.2 | 68.0 | 46.5 | |||
Analgesia type | ||||||
Regional | N | 177 | 24 | 201 | 16.3 | 0.00** |
% | 58.8 | 32.0 | 53.5 | |||
Systemic | N | 124 | 51 | 175 | ||
% | 41.2 | 68.0 | 46.5 | |||
Lung contusion | ||||||
Yes | N | 177 | 72 | 249 | 37.1 | 0.00** |
% | 58.8% | 96.0% | 66.2% | |||
No | N | 124 | 3 | 127 | ||
% | 41.2% | 4.0% | 33.8% | |||
Myocardial contusion | ||||||
Yes | N | 63 | 54 | 117 | 73.1 | 0.00** |
% | 20.9% | 72.0% | 31.1% | |||
No | N | 238 | 21 | 259 | ||
% | 79.1% | 28.0% | 68.9% | |||
Pneumothorax | ||||||
Yes | N | 195 | 55 | 250 | 36.6 | 0.00** |
% | 64.8 | 73.3 | 66.5 | |||
No | N | 106 | 20 | 126 | ||
% | 35.2 | 26.7 | 33.5 | |||
Associated surgeries | ||||||
Yes | N | 30 | 70 | 100 | 211.3 | 0.00** |
% | 9.9 | 93.3 | 26.6 | |||
No | N | 271 | 5 | 276 | ||
% | 90.1 | 6.7 | 73.4 | |||
Pneumonia | ||||||
Yes | N | 51 | 50 | 101 | 75.5 | 0.00** |
% | 16.9 | 66.7 | 26.9 | |||
No | N | 250 | 25 | 275 | ||
% | 83.1 | 33.3 | 73.1 | |||
Sepsis | ||||||
Yes | N | 0 | 26 | 26 | 112.09 | 0.00** |
% | 0.0 | 34.7 | 6.9 | |||
No | N | 301 | 49 | 350 | ||
% | 100.0 | 65.3 | 93.1 | |||
Mechanical ventilation | ||||||
Applied | N | 174 | 50 | 224 | 1.95 | 0.16 |
% | 57.8 | 66.7 | 59.6 | |||
Not | N | 127 | 25 | 152 | ||
% | 42.2 | 33.3 | 40.4 | |||
Chest tube insertion | ||||||
Needed | N | 195 | 55 | 250 | 36.6 | 0.00** |
% | 64.8 | 73.3 | 66.5 | |||
Not | N | 106 | 20 | 126 | ||
% | 35.2 | 26.7 | 33.5 | |||
Fluid | ||||||
Restricted | N | 174 | 24 | 198 | 16.0 | 0.00** |
% | 57.8 | 32.0 | 52.7 | |||
Standard | N | 127 | 51 | 178 | ||
% | 42.2 | 68.0 | 47.3 | |||
Steroid therapy | ||||||
Required | N | 20 | 31 | 51 | 61.6 | 0.00** |
% | 6.7 | 41.4 | 13.6 | |||
Avoided | N | 281 | 44 | 325 | ||
% | 93.3 | 58.6 | 86.4 | |||
Total | N | 301 | 75 | 376 | ||
% | 100.0 | 100.0 | 100 | |||