Impact of flail chest injury on morbidity and outcome: ten years’ experience at a tertiary care hospital in a developing country

Table 5 Evaluation of the statistical significance of mortality based on clinical characteristics

Clinical characteristics	Died (N = 75)	Survived (N = 301)	Mann-Whitney U Test (^Z _MWU)	P value
Clinical characteristics	Median (IQR)	Median (IQR)
Age (Years)	53.0 (42.0–66.0)	50.0 (40.0–58.0)	2.103	0.035*
Chest tube onset (hours)	24 (15.0–34.0)	29.5 (24.0–39.0)	9.206	0.000**
Chest tube duration (Days)	7.8 (4.4–12.2)	4.6 (3.7–6.5)	5.043	0.000**
MV onset (hours)	6.0 (2.0–32.0)	74 (45–96.0)	2.518	0.012*
MV duration (Days)	18.21 (10.9–26.0)	11.0 (6.0–18.0)	4.580	0.000**
ICU stay (Days)	29.33 (20.5–35.0)	9.8 (3.4–19.1)	9.855	0.000**
Hospital stay (Days)	41.8 (34.0- 48.9)	15.4 (9.3–26.0)	11.044	0.000**
ISS	43.0(38.0–54.0)	21.0(18.0–24.0)	11.769	0.000**

Abbreviation: IQR Interquartile range, MV Mechanical ventilation, ICU Intensive care unit, ISS Injury Severity Score; ** = statistically significant, P < 0.05

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