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Table 3 Baseline demographics and perioperative variables before and after matching

From: Use of sugammadex is associated with reduced incidence and severity of postoperative nausea and vomiting in adult patients with obesity undergoing laparoscopic bariatric surgery: a post-hoc analysis

Variables

Unmatched

 

After PSMa

After IPTWb

Sugammadex

(n = 92)

Neostigmine

(n = 113)

P value

ASDc

 

Sugammadex

(n = 38)

Neostigmine

(n = 38)

P value

ASDc

ASDc

Demographics

 

Age (years)

31.0 ± 7.5

32.7 ± 9.0

0.133

0.214

 

31.5 ± 9.3

30.6 ± 8.6

0.692

0.109

0.196

Female sex

53 (57.6)

80 (70.8)

0.069

0.278

 

26 (68.4)

23 (60.5)

0.632

0.160

0.120

BMI (kg/m2)

44.7 ± 5.4

39.1 ± 4.4

< 0.001d

1.137

 

42.0 ± 4.6

42.2 ± 5.9

0.863

0.039

0.025

Preoperative variables

 

ASA classification

 

II

6 (6.5)

58 (51.3)

< 0.001d

1.137

 

6 (15.8)

6 (15.8)

> 0.999

< 0.001

0.051

III

86 (93.5)

55 (48.7)

 

32 (84.2)

32 (84.2)

Apfel risk score

 

0

5 (5.4)

6 (5.3)

0.822

0.174

 

3 (7.9)

3 (7.9)

0.944

< 0.001

0.158

1

21 (22.8)

19 (16.8)

 

7 (18.4)

9 (23.7)

0.125

2

39 (42.4)

49 (43.4)

 

16 (42.1)

14 (36.8)

0.107

3

25 (27.2)

35 (31.0)

 

12 (31.6)

12 (31.6)

< 0.001

4

2 (2.2)

4 (3.5)

 

0 (0)

0 (0)

< 0.001

Comorbidities

 

Diabetes mellitus

33 (35.9)

39 (34.5)

0.956

0.028

 

19 (50.0)

16 (42.1)

0.645

0.165

0.020

Hypertension

19 (20.7)

25 (22.1)

0.933

0.036

 

7 (18.4)

8 (21.1)

> 0.999

0.065

0.166

Smoking

24 (26.1)

20 (17.7)

0.199

0.204

 

9 (23.7)

10 (26.3)

> 0.999

0.060

0.021

His_PONV

0 (0.0)

2 (1.8)

0.570

0.190

 

0 (0)

0 (0)

N/A

< 0.001

0.141

His_MS

2 (2.2)

3 (2.7)

1.000

0.031

 

0 (0)

0 (0)

N/A

< 0.001

0.043

Intraoperative variables

 

Types of surgery

 

LSG

21 (22.8)

88 (77.9)

< 0.001d

1.419

 

16 (42.1)

17 (44.7)

0.996

0.063

0.112

LSG-JJB

65 (70.7)

18 (15.9)

 

18 (47.4)

17 (44.7)

0.058

LSG-DJB

5 (5.4)

3 (2.7)

 

3 (7.9)

3 (7.9)

< 0.001

OAGB

1 (1.1)

4 (3.5)

 

1 (2.6)

1 (2.6)

< 0.001

Dur_anesthesia (h)

1.8 ± 0.4

1.4 ± 0.3

< 0.001d

0.972

 

1.6 ± 0.4

1.6 ± 0.4

0.684

0.095

0.051

Dur_operation (h)

1.5 ± 0.4

1.2 ± 0.3

< 0.001d

0.958

 

1.4 ± 0.4

1.3 ± 0.4

0.849

0.047

0.050

IOC (mg)

60.5 ± 8.7

57.5 ± 7.2

0.008d

0.375

 

59.4 ± 8.2

58.1 ± 7.2

0.488

0.143

0.035

PHC

59 (64.1)

71 (62.8)

0.963

0.027

 

23 (60.5)

23 (60.5)

> 0.999

< 0.001

0.060

Total fluid input (mL)

1493.5 ± 379.9

1327.0 ± 330.3

0.001d

0.468

 

1379.0 ± 359.6

1400.0 ± 350.3

0.797

0.055

0.076

Postoperative variables

 

Rescue opioids

59 (64.1)

61 (54.0)

0.185

0.207

 

20 (52.6)

22 (57.9)

0.818

0.110

0.067

  1. Categorical data are presented as n (%), and continuous data are presented as mean ± standard deviation
  2. Abbreviations: ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, ASD Absolute standardised mean difference, BMI body mass index, Dur_anesthesia duration of the anesthesia, Dur_operation duration of the operation, His_MS history of motion sickness, His_PONV history of PONV, IOC intraoperative opioids consumption (as intravenous morphine equivalent), LSG laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy, LSG-DJB laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy plus duodenojejunal bypass, LSG-JJB laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy plus jejunojejunal bypass, N/A not applicable, OAGB one anastomosis gastric bypass, PHC penehyclidine hydrochloride administration, PONV postoperative nausea and vomiting, PSM propensity score matching
  3. a Propensity score matching (PSM) was perform 1:1 using nearest neighbor method within a caliper width of 0.1 of the standard deviation without replacement
  4. b Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW) method was used to control for observed confounding between the compared groups
  5. c Absolute standardized mean difference (ASD) was calculated to compare the two matched groups after matching. Variables with ASD > 0.2 were considered to be imbalanced
  6. d Statistically significant (P < 0.05)
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BMC Anesthesiology

ISSN: 1471-2253

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