Fig. 2

Effect of TCE on the voltage-dependence of TTX-R Na⁺ channels. (A) A schematic illustration of voltage step pulses to examine the voltage-activation relationship of TTX-R Na⁺ channels. The TTX-R I_Na was induced by 50 ms depolarization pulses from − 80 to + 20 mV in 10 mV increments at a V_H of − 80 mV. (B) Typical traces of TTX-R I_Na elicited by voltage step pulses in the absence (left) and presence (right) of 3 mM TCE. (C) a, The conductance-voltage relationship of TTX-R Na⁺ channels in the absence (black circles) and presence (red circles) of 3 mM TCE. Continuous lines represent the best fit of the Boltzmann function. Each point represents the mean and SEM from seven experiments. b, TCE-induced changes in the midpoint voltage for the activation (V_{50, activation}) of TTX-R Na⁺ channels. Each column represents the mean and SEM from seven experiments for 1, 3, and 10 mM TCE. **; p < 0.01, n.s; not significant. (D) A schematic illustration of voltage step pulses to examine the voltage-steady state fast inactivation relationship of TTX-R Na⁺ channels. The TTX-R I_Na was induced by 50 ms depolarization pulses to − 10 mV after 300 ms prepulse from − 120 to − 20 mV in 10 mV increments. (E) Typical traces of TTX-R I_Na elicited by voltage step pulses in the absence (left) and presence (right) of 3 mM TCE. (F) a, The voltage-inactivation relationship of TTX-R Na⁺ channels in the absence (black circles) and presence (red circles) of 3 mM TCE. Continuous lines represent the best fit of the Boltzmann function. Each point represents the mean and SEM from seven experiments. b, TCE-induced changes in the midpoint voltage for the inactivation (V_{50, inactivation}) of TTX-R Na⁺ channels. Each column represents the mean and SEM from seven experiments for 1, 3, and 10 mM TCE. **; p < 0.01