Efficacy and safety of remimazolam tosilate versus propofol in patients undergoing day surgery: a prospective randomized controlled trial

Table 3 Cognitive and recovery profile assessments

Group	RT (n = 38)	RT + flumazenil (n = 38)	Propofol (n = 38)	RT (n = 38)	RT + flumazenil (n = 38)	Propofol (n = 38)	RT vs. RT + flumazenil	RT vs. Propofol	RT + flumazenil vs. Propofol
Time				Least Square Mean Change			Estimated Difference			P value
MMSE
Preoperative	27.47 ± 3.24	27.71 ± 2.40	27.28 ± 2.20
PACU	27.66 ± 3.08	27.68 ± 2.31	27.22 ± 2.77	0.18 ± 0.23	0.00 ± 0.24	-0.08 ± 0.24	0.18(-0.63-0.99)	0.26(-0.55-1.08)	0.08(-0.74-0.90)	0.724
POD1	28.45 ± 2.61	28.21 ± 1.91	27.56 ± 2.45	0.58 ± 0.16	0.24 ± 0.16	0.11 ± 0.17	0.34(-0.21-0.90)	0.47(-0.10-1.03)	0.13(-0.44-0.69)	0.117
VAS
Preoperative	0.00 ± 0.00	0.11 ± 0.65	0.00 ± 0.00
PACU	1.33 ± 1.55	1.44 ± 1.65	1.53 ± 1.94	1.33 ± 1.55	1.53 ± 1.94	1.33 ± 1.53	-0.20(-0.97-0.57)	-0.01(-0.80-0.77)	-0.18(-0.97-0.60)	0.853
POD1	0.63 ± 1.05	0.89 ± 1.10	1.03 ± 1.48	0.63 ± 1.05	1.03 ± 1.48	0.78 ± 1.35	-0.40(-0.95-0.16)	-0.28(-0.85-0.29)	-0.11(-0.68-0.46)	0.356
PostopQRS
Preoperative	65.74 ± 3.47	66.05 ± 3.63	65.72 ± 3.17
POD1	65.61 ± 3.76	64.39 ± 2.95	65.03 ± 3.42	-0.17 ± 0.43	-1.58 ± 0.43	-0.74 ± 0.44	1.41(-0.07-2.89)	0.57(-2.07-0.93)	-0.84(-2.34-0.66)	0.072
POD14	65.31 ± 2.76	65.30 ± 3.01	65.74 ± 2.74	-0.33 ± 0.30	-1.01 ± 0.30	-0.55 ± 0.32	0.68(-0.34-1.69)	0.22(-0.84-1.27)	-0.46(-1.51-0.59)	0.264
Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status
POD14	33.16 ± 3.54	32.85 ± 3.86	32.00 ± 4.15							0.500

Data are presented as mean ± SD. The estimated difference is the least-squares mean ± SE change from baseline among the three groups at the corresponding time respectively
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; MOAA/S, Modified Observer’s Alertness/Sedation scale; MMSE, mini-mental state examination; PACU, postanesthesia care unit; POD1, 1 day after surgery; POD14, 14 days after surgery; VAS, visual analogue scale; PostopQRS, post-operative quality of recovery scale; RT, remimazolam tosilate; SD, standard deviation; SE, standard error

ISSN: 1471-2253