Table 1 Baseline and clinical characteristics
Variable | Music group (n = 53) | Control group (n = 55) | Total (n = 108) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years), mean (SD) | 33.6 (4.6) | 34.4 (4.3) | 34.0 (4.4) |
Race, n (%) | |||
Chinese Malay Indian Others | 25 (47.2) 12 (22.6) 7 (13.2) 9 (17.0) | 28 (50.9) 16 (29.1) 8 (14.5) 3 (5.5) | 53 (49.1) 28 (25.9) 15 (13.9) 12 (11.1) |
BMI (kg.m− 2), mean (SD) | 29.6 (4.0) | 29.2 (4.2) | 29.4 (4.1) |
Gestational age (weeks), mean (SD) | 38.3 (1.0) | 38.4 (0.7) | 38.4 (0.9) |
Baseline systolic blood pressure (mmHg), mean (SD) | 125.8 (15.4) | 129.9 (20.5) | 127.9 (18.2) |
Pain score upon LA injection (0 to 10), median (IQR) | 4.0 (3.0) | 5.0 (3.0) | 4.0 (3.0) |
Maximum systolic blood pressure (mmHg), mean (SD) | 136.3 (16.3) | 140.3 (17.9) | 138.4 (17.2) |
Minimum systolic blood pressure (mmHg), mean (SD) | 92.3 (13.8) | 92.6 (16.0) | 92.5 (14.9) |
Maximum diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), mean (SD) | 83.3 (12.3) | 84.4 (11.4) | 83.8 (11.8) |
Minimum diastolic blood pressure (mmHg), mean (SD) | 42.0 (10.0) | 44.1 (11.9) | 43.0 (11.0) |
Maximum heart rate (beat per min), mean (SD) | 95.6 (15.7) | 98.5 (11.5) | 97.1 (13.7) |
Minimum heart rate (beat per min), mean (SD) | 67.1 (11.5) | 69.4 (11.9) | 68.2 (11.7) |
Additional PACU analgesia, n (%)a | |||
Paracetamol | 3 (5.7) | 0 | 3 (2.8) |
Paracetamol/ Fentanyl | 0 | 1 (1.9) | 1 (0.9) |
Paracetamol/ Mefenamic acid | 1 (1.9) | 0 | 1 (0.9) |
Duration of surgery (min), mean (SD) | 58.7 (20.4) | 63.6 (25.4) | 61.2 (23.1) |
Duration of stay in PACU (min), mean (SD) | 78.9 (27.2) | 79.2 (26.7) | 79.1 (28.8) |