Fig. 2

A Kaplan–Meier curves analysing the onset of the target non-invasive nociception index (IOC2) after continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine (DEX) or midazolam (MID). The graph shows a significantly faster onset of the target IOC2 in the DEX group than in the MID group (log-rank test). The DEX group had a higher probability of attaining the target IOC2 than the MID group. The y-axis denotes the percentage of patients that have not attained that IOC2 target, as detected by a log-rank percentage, whereas the x-axis denotes the time from drug administration. The time to reach the consciousness index (IOC1) target decreased. B Kaplan–Meier curves analysing the onset of the target IOC1. The y-axis denotes the percentage of patients that have not reached the IOC1. The x-axis denotes the time from the administration of the drug. C Kaplan–Meier analysis reflecting the different indices for the DEX and MID groups attaining 50% at different time points