Fig. 1

Dexmedetomidine pretreatment reduced ropivacaine-induced neurotoxicity. HT22 and SH-SY5Y cells were treated with different concentrations of ropivacaine (Ropi), with DMSO as negative control. A The cell viability was measured using CCK-8 assay. The cells were pretreated with different concentrations of dexmedetomidine (Dex) and then treated with 2.5 mM Ropi. B Cell viability was measured using CCK-8 assay, and the optimal concentration of Dex was determined as 10 μM. Then, 10 μM Dex-pretreated cells (Dex group) and 2.5 mM Ropi-treated cells (Ropi group) were subjected to LDH release detection using LDH detection kit (C) and apoptosis detection using flow cytometry (D). The cell experiment was repeated 3 times independently. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Data in panels A-B were analyzed using two-way ANOVA, and data in panels C-D were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, followed by Tukey's multiple comparisons test, ^&p < 0.05, compared with the Blank group, ^{^}p < 0.05, compared with the Ropi group, ^*p < 0.05