Table 1 Patient and preoperative characteristics

Age in years, mean (± SD)^a

68.3 (± 10.9)

68.6 (± 9.5)

0.91

Gender, n (%)^b

  Male

14 (47)

13 (43)

0.80

  Female

16 (53)

17 (57)

Weight in kg, mean (± SD)^a

84.8 (± 20.8)

88.6 (± 21.9)

0.51

BMI in kg/m², median (IQR)^c

30.8 (27.5–32.8)

33.2 (28.3–36.7)

0.09

Mobility, n (%)^b

  Independent (no aids)

16 (53)

10 (33)

0.13

  Assisted (stick/walker/ wheelchair)

14 (47)

20 (67)

Residence, n (%)^d

  Home

30 (100)

29 (97)

1.00

  Assisted living

0 (0)

1 (3)

ASA score, n (%)^b

  I

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.14

  II

19 (63)

13 (43)

  III

10 (33)

17 (57)

  IV

1 (3)

0 (0)

History of anxiety and/or depression, n (%)^d

  Yes

7 (23)

3 (10)

0.30

  No

23 (77)

27 (90)

Chronic pain, n (%)^d

  Yes

30 (100)

28 (93)

0.49

  No

0 (0)

2 (7)

Preoperative pain score (NRS), n (%)^b

  None (0)

0 (0)

0 (0)

0.44

  Mild (1–4)

0 (0)

0 (0)

  Moderate (5–7)

7 (23)

3 (10)

  Severe (8–10)

23 (77)

27 (90)

Preoperative pain score (NRS), median (IQR)^c

8 (7.8–10)

9 (8–10)

0.20

Preoperative Pain Catastrophising Scale Score median (IQR)^c

14.5 (6.75–38)

17 (6–41)

0.72

Preoperative PROMIS Depression T Score, median (IQR)^c

52.3 (37.1–61.2)

53.3 (37.1–62)

0.88

Preoperative PROMIS Anxiety T Score, median (IQR)^c

49.4 (37.1–58.4)

47.7 (37.1–60.7)

0.74

Chronic opiate use, n (%)^d

  Yes

7 (23)

9 (30)

0.56

  No

23 (77)

21 (70)

Gabapentinoid use preoperatively, n (%)^d

  Yes

3 (10)

3 (10)

1.00

  No

27 (90)

27 (90)

Operative side, n (%)^b

  Left

14 (47)

14 (47)

1.00

  Right

16 (53)

16 (53)

Surgical procedure, n (%)^d

  Non-cemented total

9 (30)

8 (27)

0.77

  Cemented total

21 (70)

22 (73)

Surgical approach, n (%)^b

  Direct anterior

15 (50)

18 (60)

0.44

  Posterior

15 (50)

12 (40)

Type of anaesthesia for surgery, n (%)^d

  General

1 (3)

1 (3)

1.00

  Spinal

29 (97)

29 (97)