Table 2 Patients characteristics and perioperative outcome variables

Male (n, %)

22.0 (44.0)

28.0 (54.9)

0.109^¶

Age (SD)

52.5 (10.2)

53.1 (8.6)

0.058^¶

Body Mass Index (BMI, SD)

24.6 (2.9)

24.4 (3.1)

0.071^¶

Duration of surgery (SD, min)

196.3 (51.5)

205.1 (48.4)

0.375^§

Dexmedetomidine infusion time (SD, min)

154.5 (37.1)

-

Remifentanil infusion time (SD, min)

192.3 (51.8)

-

Fluid Infusion volumes (IQR, ml)

1900.0 (1500.0.0–2445)

2000.0 (1800.0–2245.0)

0.264*

Urinary volume (IQR, ml)

550.0 (400.0–750.0)

600.0 (360.0–800.0)

0.659*

Dexmedetomidine consumption (SD, \({\varvec{\mu}}\) g)

—

125.0 (33.0)

Remifentanil consumption (SD, mg)

1.1 (0.4)

—

Atropine consumption (IQR, mg)

0.9 (0.8–1.0)

1.0 (0.8–1.1)

0.028*

Norepinephrine consumption (IQR, \({\varvec{\mu}}\) g)

28.0 (0–160.0)

6.0 (0–65.0)

0.368*

Extubation time (SD, min)

10.9 (3.6)

15.0 (6.8)

 < 0.001^§

Urinary retention (n, %)

1 (2)

0

0.310^#

Pruritus (n, %)

0

0

-

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (n, %)

2 (4)

0 (0)

0.149^#

Bedtime (SD, h)

46.4 (11.5)

49.2 (11.1)

0.274^§

Drinking time (SD, h)

46.2 (16.4)

44.4 (17)

0.593^§

Time to passage of flatus (SD, h)

34.7 (18.6)

32.3 (19.9)

0.547^§

Hospital discharge time (SD, day)

8.5 (2.9)

8.9 (2.8)

0.440^§

Hospital expenses (SD, thousand Yuan)

80.4 (14.4)

78.6 (15.1)

0.535^§