Table 1 Baseline Characteristics Between AC and Non-AC Groups in Original Cohorts and Propensity-Matched Cohorts
From: Arterial catheterization and in-hospital mortality in sepsis: a propensity score-matched study
Covariate | Septic shock—original cohort | Septic shock—matched cohort | Sepsis without shock—original cohort | Sepsis without shock—matched cohort | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Non-AC (N = 694) | AC (N = 3,384) | SMD | Non-AC (N = 589) | AC (N = 589) | SMD | Non-AC (N = 9,206) | AC (N = 5,303) | SMD | Non-AC (N = 3,489) | AC (N = 3,489) | SMD | |
Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | |||||
Age | 68.56 (16.50) | 63.77 (16.07) | 0.294 | 67.89 (16.86) | 67.81 (15.68) | 0.005 | 67.46 (17.29) | 63.74 (16.62) | 0.219 | 64.86 (17.67) | 64.82 (16.55) | 0.002 |
Weight | 78.54 (21.63) | 84.96 (25.04) | 0.274 | 78.90 (21.11) | 78.97 (20.32) | 0.003 | 79.22 (23.65) | 84.79 (25.27) | 0.227 | 82.14 (24.64) | 82.41 (23.48) | 0.011 |
SOFA score | 4.14 (2.12) | 4.35 (2.43) | 0.094 | 4.13 (2.07) | 4.16 (2.29) | 0.011 | 3.13 (1.48) | 3.18 (1.61) | 0.034 | 3.10 (1.46) | 3.12 (1.53) | 0.007 |
SAPII | 48.91 (15.43) | 49.68 (15.97) | 0.049 | 48.84 (15.69) | 49.93 (16.17) | 0.068 | 37.55 (12.56) | 38.95 (13.06) | 0.11 | 37.88 (13.30) | 37.88 (12.51) | < 0.001 |
Charlson comorbidity index | 6.72 (3.06) | 5.73 (2.93) | 0.331 | 6.52 (3.07) | 6.54 (2.92) | 0.005 | 6.25 (3.10) | 5.62 (3.02) | 0.205 | 5.80 (3.15) | 5.80 (3.03) | 0.001 |
Heart rate | 89.45 (17.43) | 92.42 (17.61) | 0.17 | 89.98 (17.40) | 89.53 (17.28) | 0.026 | 87.67 (16.65) | 86.43 (16.18) | 0.076 | 86.41 (16.46) | 86.75 (15.78) | 0.021 |
Temperature (℃) | 36.84 (0.73) | 36.85 (0.88) | 0.01 | 36.86 (0.76) | 36.88 (0.77) | 0.023 | 36.92 (0.50) | 36.99 (0.61) | 0.127 | 36.99 (0.54) | 37.01 (0.56) | 0.021 |
MAP | 72.41 (8.23) | 74.97 (8.71) | 0.303 | 72.87 (8.19) | 72.67 (8.16) | 0.026 | 76.88 (11.16) | 78.74 (10.35) | 0.173 | 77.99 (11.05) | 78.08 (10.20) | 0.008 |
WBC | 14.81 (8.51) | 15.23 (10.60) | 0.043 | 14.91 (8.46) | 14.52 (8.36) | 0.047 | 12.54 (10.40) | 13.10 (8.56) | 0.06 | 12.52 (9.53) | 12.78 (7.07) | 0.031 |
Hemoglobin | 10.46 (2.13) | 10.77 (2.10) | 0.148 | 10.57 (2.14) | 10.59 (2.17) | 0.013 | 10.50 (2.10) | 10.88 (2.03) | 0.185 | 10.76 (2.10) | 10.80 (2.01) | 0.021 |
Hematocrit | 32.41 (6.36) | 32.60 (6.33) | 0.029 | 32.66 (6.38) | 32.68 (6.65) | 0.004 | 32.07 (6.21) | 32.76 (5.87) | 0.116 | 32.63 (6.13) | 32.71 (5.86) | 0.013 |
Platelet | 190.44 (111.59) | 189.30 (105.59) | 0.01 | 192.79 (113.69) | 187.79 (105.89) | 0.046 | 207.63 (117.95) | 217.74 (113.55) | 0.087 | 213.40 (116.22) | 216.83 (115.60) | 0.03 |
Sodium | 138.62 (6.12) | 138.19 (5.05) | 0.076 | 138.85 (6.05) | 138.66 (5.59) | 0.031 | 138.20 (5.70) | 138.53 (4.81) | 0.062 | 138.56 (5.48) | 138.54 (4.91) | 0.004 |
Potassium | 4.39 (0.70) | 4.37 (0.63) | 0.04 | 4.36 (0.69) | 4.40 (0.66) | 0.064 | 4.21 (0.64) | 4.19 (0.57) | 0.035 | 4.19 (0.61) | 4.18 (0.58) | 0.011 |
Bicarbonate | 20.92 (4.78) | 20.30 (4.42) | 0.134 | 20.89 (4.73) | 20.60 (4.88) | 0.06 | 23.30 (4.80) | 23.46 (4.42) | 0.036 | 23.55 (4.49) | 23.60 (4.51) | 0.01 |
Chloride | 103.20 (7.54) | 104.72 (6.41) | 0.218 | 103.75 (7.40) | 103.68 (6.96) | 0.009 | 103.22 (6.82) | 104.50 (5.94) | 0.2 | 104.10 (6.60) | 104.09 (6.02) | 0.002 |
BUN | 36.94 (25.15) | 31.10 (22.57) | 0.244 | 35.35 (23.88) | 36.20 (26.71) | 0.033 | 31.50 (24.61) | 27.16 (22.02) | 0.186 | 27.40 (20.50) | 27.53 (21.98) | 0.006 |
Creatine | 1.91 (1.60) | 1.75 (1.43) | 0.107 | 1.80 (1.37) | 1.88 (1.51) | 0.058 | 1.65 (1.71) | 1.44 (1.40) | 0.13 | 1.43 (1.40) | 1.44 (1.40) | 0.009 |
Glucose | 163.90 (79.44) | 165.46 (69.44) | 0.021 | 165.10 (81.18) | 163.75 (70.01) | 0.018 | 143.22 (66.78) | 146.34 (50.92) | 0.053 | 144.99 (75.73) | 145.15 (49.96) | 0.002 |
Anion gap | 17.40 (4.89) | 16.81 (5.01) | 0.119 | 17.22 (4.78) | 17.34 (4.92) | 0.024 | 15.14 (3.61) | 14.41 (3.36) | 0.209 | 14.55 (3.32) | 14.57 (3.35) | 0.007 |
INR | 1.77 (1.01) | 1.69 (0.90) | 0.081 | 1.73 (1.00) | 1.74 (0.96) | 0.012 | 1.56 (0.90) | 1.43 (0.73) | 0.157 | 1.46 (0.75) | 1.46 (0.78) | 0.006 |
PT | 19.24 (11.43) | 18.30 (9.35) | 0.09 | 18.89 (11.40) | 18.92 (10.21) | 0.002 | 16.88 (9.08) | 15.60 (7.11) | 0.157 | 15.84 (7.37) | 15.81 (7.52) | 0.005 |
APTT | 41.71 (20.36) | 42.15 (19.80) | 0.022 | 42.02 (20.43) | 43.44 (21.24) | 0.068 | 35.98 (16.19) | 35.71 (16.59) | 0.017 | 35.54 (15.70) | 35.45 (15.48) | 0.006 |
ICU LOS | 4.93 (4.28) | 8.29 (8.28) | 0.509 | 5.17 (4.48) | 6.69 (6.90) | 0.263 | 3.44 (3.12) | 7.56 (7.92) | 0.686 | 4.31 (3.94) | 6.77 (7.23) | 0.422 |
Hospital LOS | 12.70 (13.74) | 16.57 (17.22) | 0.248 | 12.62 (13.79) | 14.82 (21.96) | 0.122 | 10.85 (11.07) | 15.71 (15.35) | 0.363 | 11.66 (11.04) | 14.69 (13.39) | 0.247 |
N (%) | N (%) | SMD | N (%) | N (%) | SMD | N (%) | N (%) | SMD | N (%) | N (%) | SMD | |
Female | 318 (45.8) | 1,362 (40.2) | 0.113 | 276 (46.9) | 266 (45.2) | 0.034 | 4,290 (46.6) | 2,250 (42.4) | 0.084 | 1,498 (42.9) | 1,524 (43.7) | 0.015 |
Admission type (urgent/emergence) | 565 (81.4) | 2,844 (84.0) | 0.07 | 486 (82.5) | 494 (83.9) | 0.036 | 7,894 (85.7) | 4,302 (81.1) | 0.125 | 2,890 (82.8) | 2,878 (82.5) | 0.009 |
Ethnicity (white) | 428 (61.7) | 2,118 (62.6) | 0.019 | 355 (60.3) | 358 (60.8) | 0.01 | 6,218 (67.5) | 3,520 (66.4) | 0.025 | 2,289 (65.6) | 2,290 (65.6) | 0.001 |
First care unit | ||||||||||||
MICU | 274 (39.5) | 732 (21.6) | 0.738 | 221 (37.5) | 172 (29.2) | 0.024 | 3,140 (34.1) | 976 (18.4) | 0.756 | 1,145 (32.8) | 698 (20.0) | 0.016 |
SICU | 85 (12.2) | 1,222 (36.1) | 78 (13.2) | 196 (33.3) | 1,662 (18.1) | 2,502 (47.2) | 726 (20.8) | 1,651 (47.3) | ||||
MICU/SICU | 194 (28.0) | 442 (13.1) | 169 (28.7) | 96 (16.3) | 2,961 (32.2) | 764 (14.4) | 1,041 (29.8) | 475 (13.6) | ||||
Other | 141 (20.3) | 988 (29.2) | 121 (20.5) | 125 (21.2) | 1,443 (15.7) | 1,061 (20.0) | 577 (16.5) | 665 (19.1) | ||||
CHF | 262 (37.8) | 1,018 (30.1) | 0.163 | 207 (35.1) | 223 (37.9) | 0.056 | 2,950 (32.0) | 1,479 (27.9) | 0.091 | 974 (27.9) | 995 (28.5) | 0.013 |
Renal disease | 178 (25.6) | 650 (19.2) | 0.155 | 140 (23.8) | 147 (25.0) | 0.028 | 2,428 (26.4) | 1,076 (20.3) | 0.144 | 742 (21.3) | 738 (21.2) | 0.003 |
COPD | 182 (26.2) | 832 (24.6) | 0.038 | 157 (26.7) | 167 (28.4) | 0.038 | 2,618 (28.4) | 1,452 (27.4) | 0.024 | 962 (27.6) | 964 (27.6) | 0.001 |
Malignancy | 149 (21.5) | 543 (16.0) | 0.139 | 123 (20.9) | 124 (21.1) | 0.004 | 1,894 (20.6) | 887 (16.7) | 0.099 | 625 (17.9) | 640 (18.3) | 0.011 |
Liver disease | 189 (27.2) | 850 (25.1) | 0.048 | 159 (27.0) | 171 (29.0) | 0.045 | 1,496 (16.3) | 770 (14.5) | 0.048 | 558 (16.0) | 516 (14.8) | 0.033 |
CRRT | 31 (4.5) | 591 (17.5) | 0.425 | 30 (5.1) | 32 (5.4) | 0.015 | 44 (0.5) | 306 (5.8) | 0.308 | 39 (1.1) | 42 (1.2) | 0.008 |
MV | 420 (60.5) | 3,018 (89.2) | 0.7 | 412 (70.0) | 422 (71.6) | 0.037 | 2,312 (25.1) | 3,748 (70.7) | 1.025 | 2,042 (58.5) | 2,006 (57.5) | 0.021 |
Sedative medication | 442 (63.7) | 3,182 (94.0) | 0.8 | 438 (74.4) | 448 (76.1) | 0.039 | 3,023 (32.8) | 4,155 (78.4) | 1.03 | 2,384 (68.3) | 2,354 (67.5) | 0.018 |
In-hospital mortality | 230 (33.1) | 1104 (32.6%) | 0.011 | 199 (33.8) | 207 (35.1) | 0.032 | 1100 (11.9) | 867 (16.3) | 0.127 | 401 (11.5) | 518 (14.8) | 0.108 |