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Fig. 1 | BMC Anesthesiology

Fig. 1

From: Efficacy of modified thoracoabdominal nerves block through perichondrial approach in open gynecological surgery: a prospective observational pilot study and a cadaveric evaluation

Fig. 1

A, B, and C represent the in-plane technique of M-TAPA. A Relationship between the costal cartilage (CC), a linear probe for ultrasound, and a needle. B Image as seen from above. C Ultrasound image of M-TAPA ‘in-plane’ technique. D, E, and F Represent the ‘hybrid’ technique in which the start of puncture is performed like the out-plane technique, but the needle movement is similar to the in-plane technique. D and E Image seen from the side and above, respectively. F Ultrasound image of the M-TAPA ‘hybrid’ technique. CC: costal cartilage, EOM: external oblique muscle, IOM: internal oblique muscle, TAM: transverse abdominis muscle, ‘arrow head’ represent the needle.

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BMC Anesthesiology

ISSN: 1471-2253

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