Table 2 Performance of normalized lactate load, maximum lactate, and mean lactate in predicting 28-day mortality
| Â | Cut-off value | AUC (95%Â CI) | Sensitivity (95%Â CI) | Specificity (95%Â CI) | Positive likelihood ratio (95%Â CI) | Negative likelihood ratio (95%Â CI) | Positive predictive value (95%Â CI) | Negative predictive value (95%Â CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
All patients (n = 21,333) | ||||||||
 Normalized lactate load | 2.8 | 0.706 (0.700—0.712) | 50.35 (48.7—52.0) | 83.12 (82.6—83.7) | 2.98 (2.8—3.1) | 0.6 (0.6—0.6) | 37.5 (36.1—38.9) | 89.3 (88.8—89.8) |
 Maximum lactate | 4 | 0.68 (0.674—0.686) | 48.53 (46.9—50.2) | 81.52 (80.9—82.1) | 2.63 (2.5—2.7) | 0.63 (0.6—0.7) | 34.5 (33.2—35.9) | 88.7 (88.2—89.2) |
 Mean lactate | 3.2 | 0.694 (0.688—0.700) | 46.15 (44.5—47.8) | 85.9 (85.4—86.4) | 3.27 (3.1—3.4) | 0.63 (0.6—0.6) | 39.7 (38.2—41.2) | 88.8 (88.3—89.3) |
Sepsis (n = 4219) | ||||||||
 Normalized lactate load | 2.8 | 0.707 (0.693—0.721) | 54.65 (52.1—57.1) | 76.28 (74.6—77.9) | 2.3 (2.1—2.5) | 0.59 (0.6—0.6) | 57.2 (54.7—59.8) | 74.3 (72.7—76.0) |
 Maximum lactate | 4.4 | 0.687 (0.673—0.701) | 48.39 (45.9—50.9) | 79.92 (78.3—81.4) | 2.41 (2.2—2.6) | 0.65 (0.6—0.7) | 58.3 (55.6—61.0) | 72.7 (71.1—74.3) |
 Mean lactate | 3.3 | 0.697 (0.683—0.711) | 47.74 (45.2—50.3) | 81.57 (80.0—83.0) | 2.59 (2.4—2.8) | 0.64 (0.6—0.7) | 60.1 (57.3—62.8) | 72.9 (71.2—74.5) |
Non-sepsis (n = 17,114) | ||||||||
 Normalized lactate load | 3 | 0.684 (0.677—0.691) | 43.54 (41.4—45.7) | 87.88 (87.4—88.4) | 3.59 (3.4—3.8) | 0.64 (0.6—0.7) | 32.5 (30.7—34.3) | 92.1 (91.6—92.5) |
 Maximum lactate | 4 | 0.661 (0.654—0.668) | 46.16 (44.0—48.4) | 82.52 (81.9—83.1) | 2.64 (2.5—2.8) | 0.65 (0.6—0.7) | 26.1 (24.7—27.6) | 92 (91.5—92.4) |
 Mean lactate | 3 | 0.673 (0.666—0.680) | 46.56 (44.4—48.8) | 84.27 (83.7—84.9) | 2.96 (2.8—3.1) | 0.63 (0.6—0.7) | 28.4 (26.8—29.9) | 92.2 (91.7—92.6) |