Baseline | Original Cohort | P-Value | |Standardized Difference(%)| | Propensity-matched Cohort | P-Value | |Standardized Difference(%)| | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR Extubation | ICU Extubation | OR Extubation | ICU Extubation | |||||
n=112 | n=326 | n=94 | n=148 | |||||
Age (y) | 49±10 | 51±10 | 0.169 | 15.1 | 49±10 | 51±10 | 0.260 | 11.8 |
Sex | 0.029 | Â | 0.680 | Â | ||||
 Male | 95 (84.8%) | 244 (74.8%) |  | 27.7 | 80 (85.1%) | 123 (83.1%) |  | 1.5 |
 Female | 17 (15.2%) | 82 (25.2%) |  | 27.7 | 14 (14.9%) | 25 (16.9%) |  | 1.5 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.9±2.8 | 22.7±3.4 | 0.440 | 8.9 | 22.9±2.8 | 22.8±3.5 | 0.755 | 2.5 |
Smoking | 39 (34.8%) | 136 (41.7%) | 0.199 | 14.4 | 36 (38.3%) | 56 (37.8%) | 0.943 | 1.1 |
Drinking | 26 (23.2%) | 90 (27.6%) | 0.363 | 10.4 | 24 (25.5%) | 30 (20.3%) | 0.338 | 10.0 |
ASA-classification | <0.001 | Â | 0.051 | Â | ||||
 ASA II | 5 (4.5%) | 12 (3.7%) |  | 53.3 | 2 (2.1%) | 10 (6.8%) |  | 1.1 |
 ASA III | 82 (73.2%) | 160 (49.1%) |  | 54.3 | 68 (72.3%) | 86 (58.1%) |  | 0.0 |
 ASA IV | 25 (22.3%) | 153 (46.9%) |  | 58.8 | 24 (25.5%) | 52 (35.1%) |  | 4.0 |
 ASA V | 0 | 1 (0.2%) |  | / | 0 | 0 | / | / |
Comorbidity | ||||||||
 Cardiovascular diseasea | 0 | 5 (1.5%) | 0.422 | / | 0 | 0 | / | / |
 Respiratory diseaseb | 3 (2.7%) | 14 (4.3%) | 0.631 | 10.0 | 3 (3.2%) | 4 (2.7%) | >0.999 | 3.0 |
 Stroke | 0 | 0 | / | / | / | / | / | / |
 Renal dysfunction (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m2) | 3 (2.7%) | 23 (7.1%) | 0.091 | 2.7 | 3 (3.2%) | 5 (3.4%) | >0.999 | 3.3 |
 Diabetes | 10 (8.9%) | 34 (10.4%) | 0.648 | 5.2 | 8 (8.5%) | 17 (11.5%) | 0.458 | 5.6 |
Etiology of end-stage liver disease | 0.246 | Â | 0.947 | Â | ||||
 Cirrhosis | 78 (69.6%) | 206 (63.2%) |  | 14.0 | 63 (67.0%) | 97 (65.5%) |  | 1.2 |
 Liver cancer | 25 (22.3%) | 75 (23.0%) |  | 1.6 | 23 (24.5%) | 39 (26.4%) |  | 4.0 |
 Other | 9 (8.0%) | 45 (13.8%) |  | 21.0 | 8 (8.5%) | 12 (8.1%) |  | 4.0 |
MELD score | 13 (9 ~ 18) | 16 (10 ~ 24) | 0.003 | 35.5 | 13 (9 ~ 19) | 13 (9 ~ 20) | 0.713 | 1.8 |
Preoperative artificial liver support | 5 (4.5%) | 31 (9.5%) | 0.094 | 24.3 | 5 (5.3%) | 8 (5.4%) | 0.977 | 0.0 |
Basic SpO2 | 100 (98 ~ 100) | 99 (98 ~ 100) | 0.079 | 9.4 | 99 (98 ~ 100) | 98 (97 ~ 100) | 0.119 | 1.5 |
Preoperative laboratory data | ||||||||
 Hemoglobin (g/L) | 118±29 | 110±27 | 0.015 | 25.5 | 118±29 | 118±27 | 0.940 | 0.1 |
 WBC (× 109/L) | 4.0 (2.9 ~ 5.6) | 4.4 (3.1 ~ 6.5) | 0.212 | 18.0 | 3.9 (3.0 ~ 5.6) | 4.2 (3.0 ~ 6.1) | 0.737 | 0.9 |
 Platelet count (× 109/L) | 72 (41 ~ 115) | 67 (43 ~ 106) | 0.598 | 2.5 | 73 (43 ~ 120) | 66 (43 ~ 104) | 0.482 | 6.7 |
 PT (s) | 14.4 (12.8 ~ 17.2) | 15.5 (13.4 ~ 20.3) | 0.001 | 63.5 | 14.4 (12.8 ~ 17.6) | 14.6 (13.0 ~ 17.4) | 0.600 | 3.6 |
 APTT (s) | 34.4 (30.5 ~ 40.3) | 37.0 (31.4 ~ 49.5) | 0.013 | 36.4 | 35.3 (31.0 ~ 41.7) | 34.5 (29.4 ~ 43.5) | 0.691 | 4.3 |
 INR | 1.23 (1.10 ~ 1.49) | 1.34 (1.16 ~ 1.83) | 0.001 | 56.2 | 1.23 (1.10 ~ 1.55) | 1.28 (1.14 ~ 1.53) | 0.497 | 3.4 |
 Alanine transaminase (IU/L) | 34.5 (24.0 ~ 56.8) | 39.0 (25.0 ~ 62.2) | 0.124 | 22.5 | 34.5 (24.0 ~ 59.0) | 39.0 (25.0 ~ 61.8) | 0.381 | 2.6 |
 Total bilirubin (μmol/L) | 33.6 (14.5 ~ 145.8) | 60.8 (20.6 ~ 223.4) | 0.009 | 20.6 | 34.5 (14.3 ~ 155) | 33.6 (17.8 ~ 156.2) | 0.725 | 2.9 |
 Albumin (g/L) | 38±6 | 36±7 | <0.001 | 42.6 | 38±6 | 37±7 | 0.299 | 10.4 |
Intraoperative findings | ||||||||
 Duration of surgery (h) | 6.4 (6.0 ~ 7.0) | 7.0 (6.0 ~ 9.0) | <0.001 | 61.6 | 7.0 (6.0 ~ 7.3) | 7.0 (6.0 ~ 8.0) | 0.629 | 3.8 |
 Urine output (mL) | 1017 (800 ~ 1500) | 900 (500 ~ 1400) | 0.026 | 21.3 | 1000 (800 ~ 1450) | 1000 (600 ~ 1622) | 0.643 | 1.6 |
 Packed red blood cell transfusion (U) | 4 (0 ~ 8) | 9 (4 ~ 14) | <0.001 | >100 | 5 (0 ~ 9) | 6 (3 ~ 9) | 0.155 | 5.9 |
 Maximal dose of vasopressorsc (μg/kg/min) | 0.08 (0.05 ~ 0.15) | 0.10 (0.07 ~ 0.20) | <0.001 | 45.2 | 0.10 (0.05 ~ 0.15) | 0.10 (0.05 ~ 0.15) | 0.298 | 7.0 |
 Maximal lactate level (mmol/L) | 5.6 (4.4 ~ 8.6) | 7.5 (5.0 ~ 11.2) | <0.001 | 46.6 | 6.4 (4.4 ~ 9.4) | 6.4 (4.3 ~ 9.2) | 0.930 | 1.0 |