Table 1 Implementation programs of the ERAS and control groups in the perioperative period
Period | Â | ERAS Group | Control Group |
|---|---|---|---|
Pre-operative phase | Education | Smoking and alcohol cessation and pulmonary function exercise | Traditional information was told |
Analgesia | Loxoprofen, NSAIDs | None | |
Fasting | No solids for 8 h and no liquids for 2 h | No solids and liquids for 8 h | |
Carbohydrate | 8 h and 2 h before surgery | None | |
Sedative | Dexmedetomidine before induction | None | |
Intraoperative phase | Analgesia | Fentanyl, remifentanil and oxycodone with NSAIDs | Fentanyl and remifentanil |
Local anaesthesia | For nasal mucosa and incision | None | |
Temperature monitoring | >36.0 °C | Common processing | |
Fluid therapy | Restricted fluid therapy | Common processing | |
Controlled hypotension | Reducing MAP to 80% of the basic line | Common processing | |
Anti-emetic prophylaxis | Dexamethasone 8 mg after induction and tropisetron 5 mg at the end of surgery | Only tropisetron 5 mg at the end of surgery | |
Postoperative phase | Analgesia | Parecoxib 40 mg QD | None |
Food-intake | 2–4 h after surgery | None before the first flatus | |
Out-of-bed activity | As soon as possible | Based on patients’ willingness |