Table 1 Study group characteristics, including comparison between survivors and non-survivors in the ICU observation

Age (years)

61 [49–70]

61 [58–63]

61.5 [60–65]

0.27

Male sex

143 (47.2%)

86 (28.4%)

57 (18.8%)

0.58

Hospitalisation before ICU admission (days)

2 [1–6]

1 [0–6]

3 [1–6]

< 0.05

  septic

41 (13.5%)

20 (6.6%)

21 (6.9%)

< 0.05

  hypovolemic

15 (5%)

9 (3%)

6 (2%)

0.11

  Respiratory^a

199 (65.7%)

120 (39.6%)

79 (26%)

< 0.05

  Cardiovascular^b

114 (37.6%)

71 (23.4%)

43 (14.2%)

0.18

  acute kidney injury^c

37 (12.2%)

13 (4.3%)

24 (7.9%)

< 0.0001

  acute liver failure

14 (4.6%)

3 (0.9%)

11 (3.6%)

< 0.001

  multi-organ failure

22 (7.3%)

5 (1.6%)

17 (5.6%)

< 0.0001

  acute abdomen/peritonitis

34 (11.2%)

23 (7.6%)

11 (3.6%)

0.84

  acute pancreatitis

7 (2.3%)

5 (1.6%)

2 (0.6%)

0.16

  severe arrythmia^d

59 (19.5%)

29 (9.6%)

30 (9.9%)

< 0.01

  any neurological

54 (17.8%)

47 (15.5%)

7 (2.3%)

< 0.0001

  coma

9 (3%)

4 (1.3%)

5 (1.6%)

0.66

  planned

142 (46.9%)

116 (38.2%)

26 (8.6%)

< 0.0001

  emergency

65 (21.5%)

39 (12.9%)

26 (8.6%)

0.07

 Non-operative

96 (31,7%)

40 (13,2%)

56 (18,5%)

< 0.0001

  abdominal

56 (18.5%)

47 (15.5%)

9 (3%)

< 0.001

  neurosurgery

84 (27.7%)

64 (21.1%)

20 (6.6%)

< 0.01

  gynecology

21 (6.9%)

16 (5.3%)

5 (1.6%)

0.24

  same hospital

83 (27.4%)

44 (14.5%)

39 (12.9%)

< 0.05

  other hospital

21 (6.9%)

10 (3.3%)

11 (3.6%)

0.10

 APACHE II (points)

19 [12–24]

15 [8–21]

23 [18.5–30]

< 0.0001

 APACHE II Risk of Death (%)

25.8 [12.1–46]

18.2 [7.8–34.8]

45.6 [23.9–72.5]

< 0.0001

 APACHE III (points)

67 [36.5–88]

52 [25–74]

86 [67.5–108]

< 0.0001

 APACHE III Risk of Death (%)

18.5 [3.8–41.8]

9 [1.3–24.8]

40.2 [19.9–65.6]

< 0.0001

 SAPS II (points)

44 [27–56]

37 [20–49]

55.5 [47.5–64.5]

< 0.0001

 SAPS II Risk of Death (%)

34.8 [7.9–59.8]

19.6 [3.7–43.8]

57.5 [39.2–75.3]

< 0.0001

 Observed mortality – N (%)

108 (35.6%)

–

–

–