Fig. 1

Bupivacaine suppresses cell viability, migration and invasion while induces the apoptosis of gastric cancer cells. a and b AGS and HGC27 cells were exposed to different doses of Bupivacaine (1 μg/mL, 5 μg/mL or 10 μg/mL). CCK8 assay was used to measure the viability of gastric cells after 48-h treatment. c-f AGS and HGC27 cells were treated with 10 μg/mL Bupivacaine for 48 h. c Caspase-3 activity in AGS and HGC27 cells was examined to analyze the apoptosis of gastric cells using Caspase-3 activity detection kit. d The apoptotic gastric cancer cells (early stage and late stage) were identified by flow cytometry. e and f Transwell migration and invasion assays were performed to assess the migration and invasion abilities of Bupivacaine-treated gastric cancer cells. The magnification in the images is 100. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001