Table 1 Characteristics of included trials
Trial | Country | Experimental regimens [mg kg− 1] (number of patients) | PM | Medications for induction | Rapid Sequence Induction | Cricoid pressure | Adverse effects | Intubation failures |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
El Orbany 2004 | USA | 0.3 (n = 23) 0.4 (n = 23) 0.5 (n = 23) 0.6 (n = 23) 1.0 (n = 23) | Yes | Fentanyl 1.5 μg kg− 1 Propofol 2 mg kg− 1 | Modified | nr | nr | 7 with succinylcholine 0.3 mg kg− 1; 2 with succinylcholine 0.4 mg kg− 1 |
Luo 2014 | China | 0.3 (n = 60) 0.5 (n = 60) 1.0 (n = 60) | No | Sevoflurane | True* | nr | “No complications such as cough, laryngospasm, or bronchial spasm attributable to the study” | None |
Naguib 2003 | Saudi Arabia | 0.3 (n = 50) 0.5 (n = 50) 1.0 (n = 50) | Yes | Fentanyl 2 μg kg− 1 Propofol 2 mg kg− 1 | True | nr | “Each patient was followed up for any adverse affects”. Results nr. | None |
Naguib 2006 | USA | 0.3 (n = 30) 0.5 (n = 30) 1.0 (n = 30) 1.5 (n = 30) 2.0 (n = 30) | No | Fentanyl 2 μg kg− 1 Propofol 2 mg kg− 1 | True | nr | “Each patient was monitored for any adverse event”. Results nr. | None |
Prakash 2012 | India | 0.4 (n = 23) 0.6 (n = 23) 1.0 (n = 23) | No | Fentanyl 2 μg kg− 1 Propofol 2 mg kg− 1 | True | yes | Adverse events were recorded and no episodes of laryngospasm, bronchospasm, masseter spasm, generalized rigidity were observed | None |
Taxak 2013 | India | 0.4 (n = 50) 0.6 (n = 50) 0.8 (n = 50) 1.0 (n = 50) | Yes | Meperidine 1 mg kg− 1 Propofol 2 mg kg− 1 | Modified | nr | nr | nr |