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Fig. 3 | BMC Anesthesiology

Fig. 3

From: Cytotoxicity of amide-linked local anesthetics on melanoma cells via inhibition of Ras and RhoA signaling independent of sodium channel blockade

Fig. 3

Ropivacaine but not bupivacaine or sodium channel inhibitor and activator decreased RhoA, Rac1 and Ras activities in melanoma cells. Ropivacaine but not bupivacaine significantly decreased RhoA (a), Rac1(b) and Ras (c) activities in A431 cells. Sodium channel activator veratridine (0.03 mM) and blocker tetrodotoxin (100 nM) did not affect RhoA (d), Rac1 (e) and Ras (f) activity in A431 cells. The data were derived from three independent experiments and presented as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, compared to control

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BMC Anesthesiology

ISSN: 1471-2253

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