Table 1 literature review of anesthetic management of patients with LGMD
Title | Author/year | Age/gender | LGMD type | Complication | Operative procedure | Pre-operational examinations | Anesthesia method | Anesthesia machine preparing | Anesthesia induction | Anesthesia maintenance | Intraoperativemonitoring | Pain management after surgery |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Anaesthetic management of a patient with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy for laparoscopic cholecystectomy [18] | Freda C. Richa/2010 | A 57-year-old man | LGMD1 | severe restrictive lung disease | laparoscopic cholecystectomy/45 min | ECG, Chest X-ray,echocardiography | General anaesthesia (TIVA) | A disposable circuit, fresh CO2-absorbent, disconnecting the vaporisers, flushing with O2 at a rate of 10 L. min− 1 for 20 min | 1 mg.kg− 1 .min− 1remifentanil infusing for 1 min, 3 mg. kg− 1 propofol iv | TIVA by using 0.1–0.4 mg.kg− 1 min− 1 remifentanil and 6–9 mg. kg− 1 .h− 1 Propofol infusion | ECG, pulse oximetry, end-tidal CO2, invasive arterial pressure, rectal temperature, BIS | 40 ml 0.125% bupivacaine aerosolised intra-peritoneally and 1 g paracetamol given intravenously |
Anaesthetic Management of a Child with Limb-Girdle Muscular Dystrophy [19] | Gamze Sarkılar/2014 | An 8-year old boy | – | – | Appendectomy/16 min | – | General anaesthesia (TIVA) | a disposable patient circuit, flushing soda lime with a fresh gas flow rate of 15 L .min− 1 | 3 mg kg− 1 propofol, 0.5 g. kg− 1 Sufentanil, 0.6 mg kg− 1 Rocuronium iv | TIVA with propofol infusion (total dose = 100.6 mg) and bolus doses of sufentanil (total dose = 10 mcg) | invasive blood pressure, ECG, pulse oximetry, nasopharyngeal temperature, end-tidal CO2 | 2 mg kg− 1 Tramadol iv |
Anaesthetic management of a woman with autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy for emergency caesarean section [20] | T. Allen/2007 | A 28-year-old woman | autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (AR-LGMD) | severe restrictive lung disease | caesarean section | ECG, echocardiogram, Pulmonary function tests | combined spinal-epidural (CSE) | – | – | 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 1.8 mL and fentanyl 20 μg injected intrathecally | ECG, pulse oximetry and non-invasive blood pressure | continuous epidural infusion of 0.125% plain bupivacaine, oral paracetamol 1 g Q6h and diclofenac 50 mg Q8h. |
Anesthetic management for a child with unknown type of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy [1] | Aysu Kocum/2010 | A 4-year-old girl | unknown | – | Adenoidectomy/50 min | – | general anesthesia | – | 100 mg propofol, 10 mg Fentanyl iv | 6–12 mg.kg−1.h−1 propofol continuous infusion | ECG, pulse oximetry and non-invasive blood pressure, end-tidal CO2, axillary body temperature | 10 mg Meperidine iv |
Laparoscopic cholecystectomy under spinal anesthesia in a patient with limb-girdle muscular dystrophy [21] | Michael C. Chuang/2013 | A 61-yr-old man | LGMD 2A | dyspneic | laparoscopic cholecystectomy | Echocardiogram, spirometry test | spinal anesthesia | – | – | 0.75% hyperbaric bupivacaine 21 mg (2.8 mL) and fentanyl 20 μg. for subarachnoid block, 0.05–0.15 μg.kg−1.min− 1 remifentanil infusion, | Invasive blood pressure | – |
Total intravenous anesthesia for aortic aneurysm replacement surgery in a patient with limb-girdle dystrophy [11] | A. López Álvarez/2013 | A 61-year-old male | – | shortness of breath | replacement of ascending aorta /330 min | Echocardiogram | General anesthesia (TIVA) | – | TCI at a target dose 3 - 5 μg/ml for propofol and 2–3 ng/mL for remifentanil, and 1.2 mg/Kg bolus of rocuronium | TCI at a target dose 3 --- 5 μg/ml for propofol and remifentanil 1 --- 3 ng/mL for infusion, | invasive arterial pressure, CVP, 5 lead ECG, pulse oximetry, end-tidal -CO2,BIS, central temperature, NMB, hourly diuresis | fentanyl 300 μg and paracetamol 1 g were administered 30 min before the end of the procedure |