Table 2 Hemodynamic and Respiratory Variables at Baseline, after the Tidal Volume Challenge, before Volume Expansion, and after Volume Expansion in Responders (n = 24) and Non-responders (n = 14)
|  | T1 Base 1 (VT 6 ml/kg) | T2 Increased VT (VT 8 ml/kg) | P1 Value | T3 Base 2 (VT 6 ml/kg) | T4 After VE (VT 6 ml/kg) | P2 Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR (beats/min) | ||||||
 Responders | 74 (68–86) | 74 (68–85) | 0.492 | 75 (69–85) | 73 (66–82) | 0.012 |
 Non-responders | 68 (65–77) | 68 (65–77) | > 0.99 | 68 (63–75) | 68 (64–77) | > 0.99 |
MAP (mm Hg) | ||||||
 Responders | 82 ± 10 | 79 ± 12 | 0.036 | 80 ± 13 | 85 ± 11 | 0.078 |
 Non-responders | 91 ± 13 | 89 ± 11 | > 0.99 | 87 ± 11 | 87 ± 10 | > 0.99 |
PIP (cm H2O) | ||||||
 Responders | 26 ± 3 | 31 ± 4 | < 0.001 | 26 ± 3 | 27 ± 3 | < 0.001 |
 Non-responders | 25 ± 3 | 30 ± 4 | 0.006 | 25 ± 3 | 26 ± 3 | 0.016 |
Crs (ml/cmH2O) | ||||||
 Responders | 17 (14.3–19) | 17 (15–19) | 0.018 | 16 (14–19) | 15.5 (14–18) | < 0.001 |
 Non-responders | 16.5 (13.8–18.3) | 17 (14.8–18.3) | 0.066 | 16 (13.8–17.3) | 15 (13–17) | 0.024 |
SVI (ml/min2) | ||||||
 Responders | 41.5 ± 8.2 | 40.6 ± 8.9 | > 0.99 | 40.2 ± 9.0 | 50.6 ± 10.9 | < 0.001 |
 Non-responders | 50.5 ± 15.2 | 52.2 ± 15.3 | 0.864 | 52 ± 15.7 | 55.2 ± 16.8 | 0.018 |
PPV (%) | ||||||
 Responders | 7 (5.3–8.8) | 9 (8–13)* | < 0.001 | 7.5 (5.3–9.8)* | 3.5 (3–5) | < 0.001 |
 Non-responders | 5.5 (3.8–6.5) | 6 (3.8–7.3) | 0.132 | 5 (3.8–6) | 3 (1.8–3.8) | 0.006 |
SVV (%) | ||||||
 Responders | 5 (4–6) | 6.5 (4–9)* | < 0.001 | 6 (4–7)* | 4 (3–5) | 0.042 |
 Non-responders | 5 (2.8–5) | 4 (3–5.3) | > 0.99 | 4 (2.8–5) | 4 (2.8–5) | > 0.99 |