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Table 2 Onset time, incidence and severity of cough in the four groups

From: Optimal dose of pretreated-dexmedetomidine in fentanyl-induced cough suppression: a prospective randomized controlled trial

Cough

Group 1

Group 2

Group 3ac

Group 4ac

Onset time (s, x ± s)

11.8 ± 4.5

17.5 ± 6.5b

17.4 ± 5.7b

17.2 ± 5.8b

Incidence (n, %)

22 (52.4)

18 (42.9)

5 (11.9)

6 (14.3)

Severity (n, %)

0 (No cough)

20 (47.6)

24 (57.1)

37 (88.1)

36 (85.7)

1 (Mild)

8 (19.0)

8 (19.0)

3 (7.1)

5 (11.9)

2 (Moderate)

8 (19.0)

6 (14.3)

1 (2.4)

1 (2.4)

3 (Severe)

6 (14.3)

4 (9.5)

1 (2.4)

0 (0)

  1. Onset time: from the end of fentanyl injection to the beginning of coughing
  2. a P < 0.01, b P < 0.05 compared to group 1, c P < 0.05 compared to group 2