Table 3 The Quality of Evidences
Outcome | MD/RR (95%CI) | Number of Participants (studies) | Quality of the evidence (GRADE) | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|
VAS score at 24 h postoperatively | MD −0.70 [−1.01, − 0.39] | 907(9 studies) | ⊕ΟΟΟ Very Low | I2 statistic shows high level of heterogeneity at 83%, when studies used median and interquartile range, we converted these to mean and standard deviation (SD). We downgraded the quality of evidence for inconsistency and indirectness. |
VAS score at 48 h postoperatively | MD −0.61 [−1.00, − 0.22] | 773(7 studies) | ⊕ΟΟΟ Very Low | I2 statistic shows high level of heterogeneity at 88% and when studies used median and interquartile range, we converted these to mean and standard deviation (SD). We downgraded the quality of evidence for inconsistency, indirectness. |
Total sufentanil consumption during the first 24 h postoperatively | MD −13.77 [− 18.56, − 8.97] | 663(7 studies) | ⊕ΟΟΟ Very Low | I2 statistic shows high level of heterogeneity at 92% and part data were extracted from figures. We downgraded the quality of evidence for inconsistency, indirectness. |
Total sufentanil consumption during the first 48 h postoperatively | MD − 20.81[− 28.20,-13.42] | 326(4 studies) | ⊕ΟΟΟ Very Low | I2 statistic shows high level of heterogeneity at 90% and part data were extracted from figures. We downgraded the quality of evidence for inconsistency, indirectness. |
Sedation score at 1 h postoperatively | – | 417(4 studies) | ⊕⊕ΟΟ Low | SMD0.27 [0.07, 0.47] When studies used median and interquartile range, we converted these to mean and standard deviation (SD) and part data were extracted from figures. We downgraded the quality of evidence for indirectness and inconsistency. |
Postoperative nausea | RR 0.68 [0.53, 0.87] | 789(7 studies) | ⊕⊕⊕⊕  High | |
Postoperative vomiting | RR 0.56 [0.37, 0.83] | 789(7 studies) | ⊕⊕⊕⊕  High | |
Pruritus | RR 0.54 [0.34, 0.83] | 680(6 studies) | ⊕⊕⊕⊕  High | |
Patients’ satisfaction | RR 1.41 [1.12, 1.77] | 397(4 studies) | ⊕⊕⊕Ο Moderate | I2 statistic shows heterogeneity at 67%. We downgraded the quality of evidence for inconsistency. |
Hypotension | RR 1.39 [0.28, 6.93] | 490(5 studies) | ⊕⊕⊕⊕  High | |
Bradycardia | RR 1.83 [0.81, 4.15] | 723(7 studies) | ⊕⊕⊕⊕  High |