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Fig. 1 | BMC Anesthesiology

Fig. 1

From: Optimal crystalloid volume ratio for blood replacement for maintaining hemodynamic stability and lung function: an experimental randomized controlled study

Fig. 1

Experimental protocol. BL: baseline, W1-W7: blood withdrawal (5% of total blood volume), CR1-CR6: fluid replacement maneuvers, Zrs: a set of respiratory impedance measurements, BG: arterial blood gas measurements. Each withdrawal-replacement step lasted about 12–15 min, resulting in a total duration of the fluid resuscitation period of around 90 min

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