Table 2 Clinical history and anesthetic practice of perioperative patients according to hemodynamic fluctuation status (n = 2097)
Variables | Hemodynamic fluctuation | P value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
≥30% (n = 482) | No. a | < 30% (n = 1615) | No. a | ||
Clinical history, n (%) | |||||
Diabetes mellitus | 97 (20.1) | 0 | 263 (16.3) | 3 | 0.05 |
Hyperlipidemia | 108 (22.4) | 0 | 309 (19.2) | 3 | 0.12 |
Hypertension | 208 (43.2) | 0 | 673 (41.2) | 3 | 0.58 |
Ischemic heart disease | 33 (6.9) | 4 | 65 (4.0) | 7 | 0.01 |
Congestive heart failure | 5 (1.0) | 0 | 18 (1.1) | 3 | 0.88 |
Arrhythmia | 19 (3.9) | 0 | 70 (4.3) | 3 | 0.70 |
Valvular heart disease | 17 (3.5) | 0 | 76 (4.7) | 3 | 0.27 |
Cardiomyopathy | 1 (0.2) | 0 | 11 (0.7) | 3 | 0.32b |
Pulmonary hypertension | 3 (0.6) | 0 | 7 (0.4) | 3 | 0.71b |
Peripheral vascular disease | 13 (2.7) | 0 | 25 (1.6) | 3 | 0.10 |
Aortic aneurysm | 6 (1.2) | 0 | 9 (0.6) | 3 | 0.12 |
Stroke | 35 (7.3) | 0 | 84 (5.2) | 3 | 0.09 |
Asthma | 32 (6.6) | 0 | 118 (7.3) | 3 | 0.61 |
Sleep apnea syndrome | 22 (4.6) | 3 | 71 (4.4) | 12 | 0.88 |
Chronic kidney disease | 120 (25.1) | 3 | 368 (22.9) | 6 | 0.32 |
Liver dysfunction | 9 (1.9) | 5 | 28 (1.8) | 16 | 0.84 |
Hyperthyroidism | 4 (0.8) | 1 | 12 (0.7) | 3 | 0.85 |
Hypothyroidism | 18 (3.7) | 0 | 47 (2.9) | 0 | 0.36 |
Rheumatoid arthritis | 7 (1.5) | 1 | 16 (1.0) | 5 | 0.39 |
Gastrointestinal disorder | 28 (5.8) | 0 | 92 (5.7) | 3 | 0.93 |
Operation and anesthesia, n (%) | |||||
Emergency surgery | 31 (6.4) | 0 | 96 (5.9) | 0 | 0.69 |
Combined epidural anesthesia | 206 (42.7) | 0 | 646 (40.0) | 0 | 0.28 |
Anesthesia start time, n (%) | 0 | 0 | 0.17 | ||
A.M. | 294 (61.0) | 1041 (64.5) | |||
P.M. | 188 (39.0) | 574 (35.5) | |||
Intubation method, n (%) | 3 | 14 | 0.68 | ||
Direct | 406 (84.8) | 1369 (85.5) | |||
Video laryngoscope | 73 (15.2) | 232 (14.5) | |||
Operator of intubation, n (%) | 0 | 0 | 0.61 | ||
Specialist | 137 (23.7) | 440 (76.3) | |||
Residents | 345 (22.7) | 1175 (77.3) | |||
Drug dosage at induction and intubation, mean (95%CI) or median (range) | |||||
Propofol (mg/kg) | 1.8 (1.7–1.8) | 0 | 1.9 (1.9–1.9) | 0 | < 0.001 |
Fentanyl (μg/kg) | 1.2 (1.2–1.3) | 0 | 1.3 (1.3–1.3) | 0 | 0.02 |
Remifentanil (μg kg−1 min−1) | 0.2 (0–0.5) | 0 | 0.2 (0–0.5) | 0 | 0.29 |
Sevoflurane (%) | 0 (0–3.3) | 0 | 0 (0–6.2) | 0 | 0.70c |
Desflurane (%) | 0 (0–5.0) | 0 | 0 (0–8.0) | 1 | 0.74c |
Midazolam (%) | 0 (0–5.0) | 0 | 0 (0–4.0) | 1 | 0.17c |
Vasopressor, n (%) | 19 (3.9) | 0 | 51 (3.2) | 0 | 0.40 |