Table 2 Incidence of complications and block success rate in patients receiving a forearm IVRA
Type of study | Patients with signs of local anesthetic systemic toxicity/total number of patients receiving forearm IVRA (%) | Local anesthetic + dosage | Success rate of forearm IVRA (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Studies using a full dose of la (type of study) | ||||
Chong et al., 2007 | Prospective RCT | 1/15 (6.7%) | Lidocaine 1% - 3 mg/kg made up to 40 ml of solution | 15/15 (100%) |
Studies using a lower dose of la (type of study) | ||||
Chan et al., 1987 | Prospective study No control group | 0/55 (0%) | Lidocaine 0.5% - 2 mg/kg with a maximum volume of 20 ml | 55/55 (100%) |
Peng et al., 2002 | Prospective RCT | 0/40 (0%) | Lidocaine 0.5% or Ropivacaine 0.375% - 0.4 ml/kg with a maximum volume of 25 ml | 40/40 (100%) |
Karalezli et al., 2004 | Prospective study No control group | 0/120 (0%) | Prilocaine – 1.5 mg/kg in 10 ml | 119/120 (99.1%) |
Arslanian et al., 2013 | Retrospective study | 0/105 (0%) | Lidocaine 0.5% - 25 ml | 105/105 (100%) |
Singh et al., 2010 | Prospective RCT | 0/20 (0%) | Lidocaine 0.5% - 1.5 mg/kg | 19/20 (95%) |
Chiao et al., 2013 | Prospective RCT | 0/28 (0%) | Lidocaine 2% - 8 ml (+ 10 mg ketorolac) | 28/28 (100%) |
Total low dose forearm IVRA | 0/368 (0%) | 366/368 (99.4%) | ||
Total all IVRA | 1/383 (0.26%) | 381/383 (99.5%) | ||