Table 3 Difference in NRS pain scores and opioid consumption

Standard Therapy-Perioperative Lidocaine

ER Multi-Modal Analgesia-Perioperative Lidocaine

Mean Difference (ST − ER) (95% CI)

Δ

p-value

Overall

4.7 (2)

4.5 (2)

0.43 (-0.46-1.31)

1

0.1

4.5 [3.0, 6.0]

4.7 [2.7, 6.0]

Day 1

5.23 (2.12)

4.17 (2.10)

1.16 (0.15-2.18)

1

0.62

5.11 [3.65, 6.76]

4.02 [2.60, 5.88]

Day 2 and beyond

4.44 (2.06)

4.70 (2.04)

-0.17 (-1.08-0.74)

1

0.006

4.49 [2.66, 6.00]

4.77 [3.40, 6.22]

Standard Therapy-Perioperative Lidocaine

ER Multi-Modal Analgesia-Perioperative Lidocaine

Mean ST/Mean ER Opioid Consumption (95% CI)

Overall

52.54 (64.45)

31.22 (36.62)

1.68 (1.43-1.98)

1.2

<0.0001

30.20 [17.32, 54.94]

22.91 [9.77, 40.39]

Day 1

43.77 (54.02)

18.43 (28.83)

2.38 (1.74-3.31)

1.2

<0.0001

25.18 [13.93, 46.54]

9.95 [1.95, 23.78]

Day 2 and beyond

57.03 (72.42)

39.93 (40.58)

1.43 (1.17-1.73)

1.2

0.8

27.46 [16.15, 71.43]

28.42 [15.98, 47.68]