Table 2 Perioperative data in the standard therapy-perioperative lidocaine and enhanced recovery multi-modal analgesia-perioperative lidocaine group
Standard Therapy-Perioperative Lidocaine | ER Multi-Modal Analgesia-Perioperative Lidocaine | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Preoperative | |||
Age (years)a | 52.8 (14.6) | 53.5 (13) | 0.79 |
Gender (% men)b | 50 | 50 | 1 |
BMI (kg/m2)c | 26.11 [22.9-29.8] | 26.7 [23.6-31] | 0.47 |
Chronic pain (%)b | 44 | 44 | 1 |
Preoperative morphine equivalent (mg)c | 0 [0-23.3] | 0 [0-10] | 0.17 |
Intraoperative | |||
Laparoscopic Procedures n (%) | 12 (23%) | 27 (52%) | 0.004 |
Total Intraoperative morphine equivalent (mg)c | 18.8 [10.6-27.5] | 15 [7.50-25] | 0.14 |
Intrathecal Morphine (mg) | 0 [0-0] | 0.15 [0.1-0.25] | 0.0001 |
Intravenous Fentanyl (μg) | 150 [100-250] | 0 [0-0] | 0.0001 |
Intravenous Hydromorphone (mg) | 1 [0.4-2] | 0 [0-0] | 0.0001 |
Ketamine (mg) | 0 [0-60.7] | 102 [63.8-150.2] | 0.0001 |
Magnesium (mg) | 0 [0-0] | 2000 [2000-2500] | 0.0001 |
Lidocaine (mg) | 494 [379-615] | 592 [388-900] | 0.13 |
Postoperative | |||
Lidocaine (mg) | 2888 [2188-4322] | 1557 [959-1992] | 0.0001 |