Effect of ultrasonography and fluoroscopic guidance on the incidence of complications of cannulation in extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a retrospective observational study

Table 2 Outcome in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients who underwent extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation

	Overall (n = 73)	Ultrasound- and fluoroscopy-guided cannulation (n = 23)	Ultrasound only-guided cannulation (n = 50)	p value
Complication associated with cannulation	20 (27)	2 (8.7)	18 (36)	0.022
Bleeding	6 (8.2)	1 (4.3)	5 (10)	0.66
Vascular injury	3 (4.1)	0 (0.0)	3 (6.0)	0.55
Change to surgical approach	4 (5.6)	0 (0.0)	4 (8.0)	0.30
Aberrant placement of cannula	3 (4.1)	0 (0.0)	3 (6.0)	0.55
Hematoma	15 (21)	2 (8.7)	13 (26)	0.12
Time from hospital arrival to ECMO start, minutes	17.0 [13.0, 23.0]	17.0 [14.0, 22.0]	17.0 [13.0, 25.0]	0.92
Time from call to ECMO start, minutes	46.0 [40.0, 55.0]	45.0 [38.0, 51.0]	46.0 [42.0, 56.0]	0.23

ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Continuous variables are given as median [interquartile range, from 25th to 75th percentiles]. Categorical variables are given as count (percent)

ISSN: 1471-2253