Table 1 Demographic and baseline characteristics of the study population

Number of patients

80

86

Age (years)

0.29

 Median

74

76

 Interquartile range

68–78

69–82

Gender: female, n (%)

46 (57.5)

52 (60.5)

0.71

Chronic conditions, n (%)

 Hypertension

42 (52.5)

48 (55.8)

0.79

 Coronary heart disease

31 (38.8)

25 (29.1)

0.25

 Pulmonary disease

12 (15.0)

11 (12.8)

0.85

 Diabetes mellitus

10 (12.5)

12 (14.0)

0.95

GCS on admission, n (%)

0.64

 6–8

56 (70.0)

64 (74.4)

 3–5

24 (30.0)

22 (25.6)

Mechanism of head injury, n (%)

 Falls

43 (53.8)

48 (55.8)

0.91

 Traffic accident

24 (30.0)

28 (32.6)

0.85

 Others

13 (16.2)

10 (11.6)

0.53

Marshall classification on initial CT, n (%)

 Diffuse injury II,

13 (16.3)

27 (31.4)

0.037

 Diffuse injury III,

28 (35.0)

20 (23.5)

0.14

 Diffuse injury IV,

18 (22.5)

17 (19.8)

0.81

 Evacuated mass lesion

9 (11.3)

8 (9.3)

0.87

 Nonevacuated mass lesion

12 (14.9)

14 (16.0)

0.98

Abbreviated injury scale for head, Mean ± SD

3.78 ± 0.92

3.80 ± 0.91

0.89

Injury Severity Score (ISS), Mean ± SD

27.5 ± 9.2

28.4 ± 9.5

0.54