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Table 3 Variables of osmolality, electrolytes, and fluid balance during the infusion of experimental agents

From: Agreement of measured and calculated serum osmolality during the infusion of mannitol or hypertonic saline in patients after craniotomy: a prospective, double-blinded, randomised controlled trial

Variables

Time

M group

HS group

p value

Serum osmolality, mOsmol/kg

T0

296.3 ± 11.2bcfg

295.7 ± 7.4bcd

0.847

T15min

301.6 ± 10.5acdefg

299.6 ± 7.3acdefg

0.515

T30min

298.9 ± 10.1abdefg

298.4 ± 7.4abefg

0.875

T60min

297.0 ± 8.3bcfg

297.8 ± 7.0abfg

0.770

T120min

296.7 ± 9.7bcfg

296.6 ± 6.6bcg

0.963

T240min

294.9 ± 10.3abcdeg

295.9 ± 6.5bcdg

0.751

T360min

292.4 ± 9.1abcdef

294.1 ± 6.6bcdef

0.527

Serum osmolal gap*, mOsmol/kg

T0

3.6 ± 12.1bcgf

2.2 ± 6.9b

0.684

T15min

16.4 ± 11.4acdefg

−0.9 ± 6.2acd

<0.001

T30min

10.8 ± 12.3abdefg

2.0 ± 6.9b

0.014

T60min

5.3 ± 8.9bcfg

1.3 ± 6.8b

0.142

T120min

3.7 ± 11.1bcg

0.8 ± 7.2

0.368

T240min

2.4 ± 12.1bcd

−0.1 ± 8.1

0.470

T360min

−0.1 ± 10.1abcde

0.2 ± 6.5

0.905

Serum sodium, mmol/L

T0

137.0 ± 2.1bc

137.3 ± 2.8bcd

0.723

T15min

133.6 ± 2.6acdefg

141.4 ± 3.1acdefg

<0.001

T30min

134.9 ± 3.1abdef

139.2 ± 3.5abg

0.001

T60min

136.6 ± 2.8bc

139.1 ± 3.2abg

0.018

T120min

136.8 ± 3.4bc

138.5 ± 3.7b

0.164

T240min

136.4 ± 3.2bc

138.1 ± 3.3b

0.139

T360min

136.1 ± 3.5b

137.5 ± 2.9bcd

0.202

Urine osmolality, mOsmol/kg

T0

825.8 ± 92.1bcde

824.2 ± 181.3bcdef

0.973

T15min

659.0 ± 123.0aefg

727.4 ± 181.1a

0.198

T30min

638.1 ± 80.1adefg

692.6 ± 186.2adfg

0.264

T60min

677.7 ± 79.0acefg

731.1 ± 169.2ac

0.236

T120min

727.3 ± 84.9abcdfg

719.3 ± 182.2a

0.868

T240min

788.5 ± 92.0bcde

738.7 ± 209.3ac

0.354

T360min

808.9 ± 162.9bcde

759.8 ± 224.3c

0.461

Urine sodium, mmol/L

T0

199.2 ± 44.2bcdefg

218.8 ± 63.3f

0.294

T15min

115.4 ± 30.6af

210.5 ± 59.8f

<0.001

T30min

106.7 ± 22.1adfg

214.7 ± 44.4ef

<0.001

T60min

116.6 ± 30.7acf

214.6 ± 47.8ef

<0.001

T120min

116.8 ± 36.5af

199.1 ± 50.1cd

<0.001

T240min

140.9 ± 33.5abcde

184.7 ± 51.7abcd

0.005

T360min

137.4 ± 53.0ac

195.1 ± 56.3d

0.004

Urine SG, kg/m3

T0

1.030 ± 0.007

1.028 ± 0.007bcdefg

0.421

T15min

1.029 ± 0.006e

1.023 ± 0.007a

0.007

T30min

1.029 ± 0.006e

1.021 ± 0.007adef

<0.001

T60min

1.031 ± 0.006

1.022 ± 0.006ac

<0.001

T120min

1.033 ± 0.006bc

1.022 ± 0.006ac

<0.001

T240min

1.032 ± 0.006

1.023 ± 0.007ac

<0.001

T360min

1.030 ± 0.009

1.023 ± 0.007a

0.008

Cumulative fluid intake, mL

T0

0

0

/

T15min

132 ± 16

131 ± 18

0.973

T30min

179 ± 23

187 ± 30

0.419

T60min

280 ± 84

257 ± 51

0.344

T120min

423 ± 102

381 ± 93

0.218

T240min

617 ± 144

647 ± 139

0.536

T360min

813 ± 186

855 ± 219

0.537

Cumulative urine output, mL

T0

0

0

/

T15min

76 ± 45

49 ± 22

0.035

T30min

167 ± 66

94 ± 37

<0.001

T60min

300 ± 108

171 ± 71

<0.001

T120min

449 ± 155

303 ± 121

0.004

T240min

662 ± 183

537 ± 189

0.050

T360min

835 ± 221

775 ± 253

0.455

Cumulative fluid balance, mL

T0

0

0

/

T15min

56 ± 47

83 ± 28

0.051

T30min

12 ± 69

93 ± 49

<0.001

T60min

−20 ± 139

86 ± 84

0.010

T120min

−26 ± 179

79 ± 131

0.058

T240min

−45 ± 233

110 ± 194

0.042

T360min

−23 ± 267

81 ± 255

0.250

  1. Data are presented as mean ± SD
  2. Urine SG urine specific gravity
  3. *: Calculated osmolality was derived from formula 2
  4. : Fluid balance = intake-output
  5. P Values represent between group comparisons. Within group comparisons are labeled as: astatistically different compared to T0; b to T15min; c to T30min; d to T60min; e to T120min; f to T240min; g to T360min