Preferential effects of low volume versus high volume replacement with crystalloid fluid in a hemorrhagic shock model in pigs

Table 2 Haemodynamic parameters, body temperature, and blood gas analysis

	Baseline	Haemorrhage	Dilution	ANOVA
MAP (mmHg)
LV	107 ± 11	32 ± 10	61 ± 7	p < 0.0001
HV	117 ± 15	29 ± 7	82 ± 14	p < 0.0001
	p = 0.07	p = 0.44	p = 0.0002
HR (min⁻¹)
LV	91 ± 21	86 ± 11	76 ± 17	p = 0.064
HV	84 ± 13	94 ± 21	90 ± 11	p = 0.069
	p = 0.32	p = 0.20	p = 0.0046
Temperature (°C)
LV	37.9 ± 0.5	38.0 ± 0.6	37.5 ± 0.7	p < 0.0001
HV	37.4 ± 0.6	37.5 ± 0.6	36.0 ± 0.6	p < 0.0001
	p = 0.046	p = 0.044	p < 0.0001
Lactate (mg/dL)
LV	8.5 ± 1.9	23.2 ± 8.0	17.3 ± 4.4	p < 0.0001
HV	8.5 ± 2.7	27.0 ± 10.3	19.7 ± 3.8	p < 0.0001
	p = 1.0	p = 0.32	p = 0.16
pH
LV	7.51 ± 0.03	7.48 ± 0.04	7.49 ± 0.04	p = 0.012
HV	7.48 ± 0.03	7.45 ± 0.04	7.50 ± 0.07	p = 0.041
	p = 0.03	p = 0.12	p = 0.67
BE (mmol/L)
LV	5.0 ± 1.8	1.6 ± 1.7	4.1 ± 1.7	p < 0.0001
HV	4.5 ± 1.3	−0.7 ± 1.7	4.4 ± 1.0	p < 0.0001
	p = 0.53	p = 0.004	p = 0.56
HCO₃ ⁻ (mmol/L)
LV	29.2 ± 1.7	26.1 ± 1.6	28.2 ± 1.5	p < 0.0001
HV	28.6 ± 1.3	24.1 ± 1.4	28.6 ± 0.9	p < 0.0001
	p = 0.40	p = 0.004	p = 0.43

Measurements at baseline, after 50 % haemorrhage and after fluid replacement (dilution) with an acetated, balanced crystalloid administering either with a low (LV, n = 12) or a high (HV, n = 12) volume strategy. P-values refer to differences between the two groups at each time-point. P-values of ANOVA refer to differences between time-points (baseline, haemorrhage, dilution)
MAP mean arterial pressure, LV low volume resuscitation, HV high volume resuscitation, HR heart rate, BE base excess

ISSN: 1471-2253