Table 1 Hemodynamic parameters and gas exchange at different timepoints for each group

MAP(mmHg)

NC

126 ± 8

124 ± 10

119 ± 12

113 ± 12*

90 ± 24*

MHA

122 ± 13

130 ± 12

134 ± 9*^†

135 ± 12*^†

127 ± 12^†

SHA

127 ± 15

137 ± 7*^†

134 ± 7^†

123 ± 12^†#

113 ± 17*^†#

HR(1/min)

NC

347 ± 26

324 ± 31

295 ± 38*

283 ± 39*

258 ± 28*

MHA

362 ± 15

323 ± 17

294 ± 23*

283 ± 20*

270 ± 19*

SHA

347 ± 24

284 ± 29*^†#

258 ± 40*^†#

243 ± 38*^†#

224 ± 35*^†#

V_T(ml)

NC

2.4 ± 0.3

9.5 ± 0.9

9.2 ± 0.7

8.4 ± 1.0

5.9 ± 1.3*

MHA

2.4 ± 0.2

10.1 ± 0.9

9.9 ± 1.1

9.4 ± 0.9

8.8 ± 1.3^†

SHA

2.4 ± 0.2

9.9 ± 0.7

9.7 ± 0.9

9.2 ± 0.9

7.8 ± 1.3*

PaO₂/FiO₂(mmHg)

NC

361.4 ± 33.3

415.6 ± 37.1

426.9 ± 32.7

270.1 ± 48.8*

179.1 ± 23.5*

MHA

355.3 ± 39.5

428.6 ± 36.1*

448.4 ± 35.9*

432.2 ± 44.2*^†

379.9 ± 34.5^†

SHA

350.1 ± 34.8

456.8 ± 40.6*^†

439.6 ± 25.2*

388.8 ± 49.8^†#

298.6 ± 35.3*^†#

pH

NC

7. 42 ± 0.10

7. 39 ± 0.03

7. 37 ± 0.04

7. 32 ± 0.03*

7. 29 ± 0.08*

MHA

7. 39 ± 0.08

7. 10 ± 0.02*^†

7. 07 ± 0.04*^†

7. 07 ± 0.04*^†

7. 06 ± 0.04*^†

SHA

7. 37 ± 0.06

6. 94 ± 0.04*^†#

6. 94 ± 0.03*^†#

6. 93 ± 0.04*^†#

6. 93 ± 0.03*^†#

PaCO₂ (mmHg)

NC

41. 3 ± 10.1

36. 5 ± 4.0

40. 6 ± 4.8

43.0 ± 5.2

47.8 ± 9.6*

MHA

38. 7 ± 9.3

88. 7 ± 8.8*^†

95. 1 ± 9.9*^†

97.0 ± 9.5*^†

93.6 ± 12.1*^†

SHA

41. 7 ± 7.3

140.1 ± 12.6*^†#

141.6 ± 11.1*^†#

144.2 ± 14.7*^†#

142.8 ± 16.7*^†#