Table 2 Postoperative outcomes

Time to flatus, h

20.52 ± 9.18

27.93 ± 11.69

.012^*#

Time to defecation, h

33.14 ± 17.83

38.97 ± 22.48

.369^*

Lying in bed time, h

38.85 ± 16.82

36.85 ± 16.08

.687^*

Hospital stays, d

12.39 ± 3.44

15.79 ± 6.64

.019^*#

Hospital stays post-surgery, d

6.61 ± 1.57

8.72 ± 5.13

.042^*#

Patient costs, RMB

94,484.78 ± 20,545.96

95,135.39 ± 21,514.85

.910^*

Intraoperative morbidity(N/Y)

17/11

20/9

.514^‡

Postoperative morbidity(N/Y)

26/2

21/8

.042^‡#

3-year mortality(N/Y)

1/25

2/24

.999^‡