Table 1 Demographics and baseline physiological parameters

Age, yrs

42.6 ± 14.4

42.6 ± 14.4

42.6 ± 14.4

0.11

BMI (kg/m²)

28.0 ± 6.4

30.3 ± 8.1

26.8 ± 4.9

< 0.001

Gender

 M, n (%)

107 (49%)

41 (53%)

68 (47%)

0.4

 F, n (%)

111 (51%)

36 (47%)

78 (53%)

ASA

 I, n (%)

50 (23%)

12 (16%)

38 (27%)

0.07

 II, n (%)

168 (77%)

65 (84%)

103 (73%)

SpO₂

99.0 ± 1.1

99.0 ± 1.2

99.2 ± 1.0

0.07

Surgery type

 Orthopedic

73

31 (40%)

42 (30%)

 ENT

34

10 (13%)

24 (17%)

 Breast

23

7 (9%)

16 (11%)

0.60

 General (non-abdominal)

23

7 (9%)

16 (11%)

 Laparoscopic abdominal

17

7 (9%)

10 (7%)

 Others

48

15 (20%)

33 (24%)

ARISCAT Score

10.0 ± 8.2

11.1 ± 8.0

9.5 ± 8.4

0.18

C_dyn/BMI (ml/cmH₂O)/(kg/m²)

1.44 ± 0.60

1.27 ± 0.49

1.52 ± 0.63

0.003

C_stat/BMI (ml/cmH₂O)/(kg/m²)

1.63 [0.2–7.0]

1.5 [0.2–7.0]

1.7 [0.5–5.3]

0.047

V_T/IBW (ml/kg)

8.8 ± 1.6

9.1 ± 1.9

8.6 ± 1.4

0.02

RR (breaths/min)

12.0 ± 1.7

12.1 ± 1.6

12.0 ± 1.7

0.51

PEEP (cmH₂O)

5 [0–5]

5 [0–5]

5 [0–5]

0.63

PIP (cmH₂O)

18.7 ± 4.3

20.0 ± 4.9

18.3 ± 3.7

0.001

P_plateau (cmH₂O)

16.5 ± 4.8

17.4 ± 5.5

16.1 ± 4.3

0.06

ΔP (cmH₂O)

13.0 ± 4.7

13.8 ± 5.2

12.6 ± 4.4

0.09

MP (J/min)

11.8 ± 4.1

12.9 ± 4.5

11.1 ± 3.7

0.002