Table 1 Baseline characteristics and outcomes of participants according to 1-month neurological outcomes
Characteristics | Total (n = 3353) | 1-month neurologically favorable outcome (n = 279) | 1-month neurologically unfavorable outcome (n = 3074) |
|---|---|---|---|
Pre-hospital variables | |||
 Age (years) | 75.0 [63.0–83.0] | 63.0 [53.5–71.0] | 76.0 [64.0–84.0] |
 Male | 2087 (62.2) | 212 (76.0) | 1875 (61.0) |
 Bystander CPR | |||
  No bystander involvement | 2021 (60.3) | 134 (48.0) | 1887 (61.4) |
  Layperson-initiated | 870 (25.9) | 80 (28.7) | 790 (25.7) |
  EMS-personnel-initiated | 462 (13.8) | 65 (23.3) | 397 (12.9) |
 Witness | 2258 (67.3) | 229 (82.1) | 2029 (66.0) |
 Pre-hospital defibrillation (layperson or EMS personnel) | 668 (19.9) | 193 (69.2) | 475 (15.5) |
 Advanced airway management | 1651 (49.2) | 73 (26.2) | 1578 (51.3) |
 Initial shockable rhythm | 492 (14.7) | 184 (65.9) | 308 (10.0) |
 Initial cardiac rhythm | |||
  Ventricular fibrillation | 483 (14.4) | 182 (65.2) | 301 (9.8) |
  Pulseless ventricular tachycardia | 9 (0.3) | 2 (0.7) | 7 (0.2) |
  Pulseless electrical activity | 1355 (40.4) | 84 (30.1) | 1271 (41.3) |
  Asystole | 1506 (44.9) | 11 (3.9) | 1495 (48.6) |
 Pre-hospital adrenaline administration | 812 (24.2) | 28 (10.0) | 784 (25.5) |
 Pre-hospital ROSC | 1692 (50.5) | 202 (72.4) | 1490 (48.5) |
 Cardiac etiology of arrest | 1573 (46.9) | 227 (81.4) | 1346 (43.8) |
In-hospital variables | |||
 In-hospital ROSC | 1661 (49.5) | 77 (27.6) | 1584 (51.5) |
 Antiarrhythmic drug administration | 325 (9.7) | 65 (23.3) | 260 (8.5) |
 Coronary angiography | 415 (12.4) | 173 (62.0) | 242 (7.9) |
 Targeted temperature management | 707 (21.1) | 168 (60.2) | 539 (17.5) |
 Circulatory assist device | 249 (7.4) | 64 (22.9) | 185 (6.0) |
Time intervals | |||
 Call to response (min) | 7.0 [5.0–9.0] | 7.0 [5.0–8.0] | 7.0 [5.0–9.0] |
 CPR to Arrival (min) | 22.0 [16.0–27.0] | 21.0 [15.0–27.0] | 22.0 [16.0–27.0] |
 CPR duration (min) | 30.0 [20.0–38.0] | 9.0 [5.0–16.0] | 31.0 [22.0–39.0] |
Outcomes | |||
 Survival to admission | 2298 (68.5) | 279 (100.0) | 2020 (65.7) |
 1-month CPC grade | |||
  CPC 1 | 217 (6.5) | 217 (77.8) | 0 (0.0) |
  CPC 2 | 62 (1.8) | 62 (22.2) | 0 (0.0) |
  CPC 3 | 94 (2.8) | 0 (0.0) | 94 (3.1) |
  CPC 4 | 141 (4.2) | 0 (0.0) | 141 (4.6) |
  CPC 5 | 2831 (84.4) | 0 (0.0) | 2831 (92.1) |