Use of local anaesthetics and adjuncts for spinal and epidural anaesthesia and analgesia at German and Austrian University Hospitals: an online survey to assess current standard practice

Table 1 Preferred use of regional anaesthesia technique for large urological operations.

Technique	Local anaesthetic	Concentration of the local anaesthetic	Adjuvant	Distribution (n = 33)
no regional anaesthesia			n.a.	8 (25%)
Epidural anaesthesia	Bupivacaine	0.5%	none	4 (12%)
Epidural anaesthesia	Bupivacaine	0.25%	Sufentanil	3 (9%)
Epidural anaesthesia	Ropivacaine	0.2%	Sufentanil	3 (9%)
Epidural anaesthesia	Bupivacaine	0.5%	Sufentanil	3 (9%)
Epidural anaesthesia	Ropivacaine	0.375%	Sufentanil	3 (9%)
Epidural anaesthesia	Ropivacaine	0.5%	Sufentanil	3 (9%)
Spinal anaesthesia	Bupivacaine	0.5%	Sufentanil	2 (6%)
Epidural anaesthesia	Ropivacaine	0.16%	Sufentanil	1 (3%)
Epidural anaesthesia	Ropivacaine	0.5%	none	1 (3%)
Epidural anaesthesia	Ropivacaine	0.75%	none	1 (3%)
Epidural anaesthesia	Ropivacaine	0.75%	Sufentanil	1 (3%)

Table shows type of regional anaesthesia, local anaesthetic, concentration of the local anaesthetic as well as preferred adjuvants (e.g. opioids). Distribution is given in number (proportion).

ISSN: 1471-2253