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General pharmacology and pharmacokinetics

This section considers studies on the pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of anesthetic and analgesic compounds, as well as other more laboratory focused and experimental studies.

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  1. The results of studies on changes in intracranial pressure in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery are inconsistent. Meanwhile, previous neurosurgery studies have suggested that propofol and sevoflurane ha...

    Authors: Weilian Geng, Changxing Chen, Xingfeng Sun and Shaoqiang Huang

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2021 21:30

    Content type: Research article

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  2. Astrocyte Connexin 43 (Cx43) is essential for the trophic and protective support of neurons during brain ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. It is believed that dexmedetomidine participates in Cx43-mediated eff...

    Authors: Xiaoyang Zheng, Xiaoying Cai, Fang Ye, Ying Li, Qin Wang, Zhiyi Zuo, Wenqi Huang and Zhongxing Wang

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2020 20:299

    Content type: Research article

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  3. There are scenarios where pre-mixing and infusing analgesic and anaesthetic agents as a single intravenous (IV) solution is highly desirable; however, it is important to ensure the agents are compatible when m...

    Authors: Emily Henkel, Rebecca Vella, Kieran Behan, David Austin, Peter Kruger and Andrew Fenning

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2020 20:283

    Content type: Research article

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  4. Local anesthetic Bupivacaine commonly used in gastric cancer resection operation has been reported to suppress the progression of gastric cancer. However, the specific mechanism by which Bupivacaine functions ...

    Authors: Changqiao Ju, Jia Zhou, Hui Miao, Xin Chen and Qingyu Zhang

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2020 20:275

    Content type: Research article

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  5. Some retrospective and in vitro studies suggest that general anesthetics influence breast cancer recurrence and metastasis. We compared the effects of general anesthetics sevoflurane versus propofol on breast ...

    Authors: Xiaoqian Deng, Megha Vipani, Ge Liang, Divakara Gouda, Beibei Wang and Huafeng Wei

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2020 20:253

    Content type: Research article

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  6. Low concentrations of morphine are required for safe dosing for intrathecal injections. Sometimes, manual dilution of morphine is performed to achieve these low concentrations, but risks dilution errors and ba...

    Authors: Aart Jan W. Teunissen, Mark V. Koning, Elisabeth J. Ruijgrok, Willem J. Liefers, Bart de Bruijn and Seppe A. Koopman

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2020 20:244

    Content type: Research article

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  7. This study aims to observe the effects of different target controlled plasma sufentanil concentrations on the minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) of sevoflurane for blocking adrenergic response (BAR) in patie...

    Authors: Yanxia Guo, Dan Wang, Xiaolin Yang, Pingping Jiang, Juan Xu and Guoyuan Zhang

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2020 20:239

    Content type: Research article

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    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Anesthesiology 2020 20:269

  8. The aim of this prospective randomized controlled study was to evaluate whether pretreatment with a small dose of dezocine could prevent remifentanil-induced cough in general anesthesia induction.

    Authors: Rui Ma, Yu Wei and Zifeng Xu

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2020 20:235

    Content type: Research article

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  9. Sugammadex reduces postoperative complications. We sought to determine whether it could reduce the length of hospital stay, post-anesthetic recovery time, unplanned readmission, and charges for patients who un...

    Authors: Byung-Hun Min, Tak Kyu Oh, In-Ae Song and Young-Tae Jeon

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2020 20:178

    Content type: Research article

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  10. Sufentanil is one of the opioids currently used to induce general anesthesia, and cough is one of the most common complications. Many drugs have been used to prevent sufentanil-induced cough (SIC), and dezocin...

    Authors: Zhencheng Xiong, Ping Yi, Jipeng Song and Mingsheng Tan

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2020 20:154

    Content type: Research article

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  11. Propofol is among the most frequently used anesthetic agents, and it has the potential for abuse. The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors are key mediators neural plasticity, neuronal development, addiction,...

    Authors: Bei-ping Chen, Xi-xi Huang, Dong-mei Dong, Hui Wu, Tian-qi Zhu and Ben-fu Wang

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2020 20:149

    Content type: Research article

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  12. Retrospective analysis and pre-clinical studies suggest that local anesthetics have anti-tumoral effects. However, the association between cancer recurrence and the use of local anesthesia is inconclusive and ...

    Authors: Guanhua Zhu, Ling Zhang, Jiapeng Dan and Qiong Zhu

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2020 20:126

    Content type: Research article

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  13. The α2-adrenergic agonist dexmedetomidine (DEX) is a sedative and can be used as an adjunct to hypnotics. The study sought to evaluate the effects of different doses of DEX on the requirements for propofol for lo...

    Authors: Yang Gu, Fan Yang, Yonghai Zhang, Junwei Zheng, Jie Wang, Bin Li, Tao Ma, Xiang Cui, Kaimei Lu and Hanxiang Ma

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2020 20:96

    Content type: Research article

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  15. G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 30 (GPR30) was proved the specific estrogen receptor relating to mechanical hyperalgesia. Studies have shown that the GABAA receptor subunits α4, β1, and δ in the periaqueducta...

    Authors: Ming Jiang, Yu’e Sun, Yishan Lei, Fan Hu, Zhengrong Xia, Yue Liu, Zhengliang Ma and Xiaoping Gu

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2020 20:93

    Content type: Research article

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  16. Sevoflurane preconditioning improves brain function in MCAO rats, and there are several methods for determining appropriate concentration and time windows for preconditioning. This study investigated the brain...

    Authors: Ying Deng, Chengmei Shi, Yi Gu, Ning Yang, Mao Xu, Ting Xu and Xiangyang Guo

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2020 20:78

    Content type: Research article

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  17. Substantial clinical and preclinical evidence have indicated the association between amide-linked local anesthesia and the long-term outcomes of cancer patients. However, the potential effects of local anesthe...

    Authors: Qinghong Zheng, Xiaohong Peng and Yaqin Zhang

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2020 20:43

    Content type: Research article

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  18. A CO2 pneumoperitoneum during a laparoscopic procedure causes violent hemodynamic changes. However, the remifentanil required to inhibit the cardiovascular response to a CO2 pneumoperitoneum combined with propofo...

    Authors: Chengwei Yang, Yuanyuan Feng, Sheng Wang, Mingming Han, Song Wang, Fang Kang, Xiang Huang and Juan Li

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2020 20:35

    Content type: Research article

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  19. It has been demonstrated that administration of exogenous ketone supplement ketone salt (KS) and ketone ester (KE) increased blood ketone level and delayed the onset of isoflurane-induced anesthesia in differe...

    Authors: Zsolt Kovács, Brigitta Brunner, Dominic P. D’Agostino and Csilla Ari

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2020 20:30

    Content type: Research article

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  20. This study was designed to examine whether severe aortic regurgitation will affect the pharmacodynamics (PD) and pharmacokinetics (PK) of cisatracurium during anesthetic induction.

    Authors: Xiaocong Huang, Lei Chen, Yujing Cai, Jinfeng Wei, Lina Lin, Jie Sun, Xuemei Peng and Sheng Wang

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2020 20:21

    Content type: Research article

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  23. Older people are currently the fastest growing segment of the worldwide population. The present study aimed to estimate propofol dose in older patients based on size descriptors measured by bioelectrical imped...

    Authors: Ana M. Araújo, Humberto S. Machado, Amílcar C. Falcão and Patrício Soares-da-Silva

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2019 19:180

    Content type: Research article

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  25. Using a minimum dose of neuromuscular blockade (NMB) to achieve intubation condition is one of the goals in anaesthesia management of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) for thoracoscopic (VATS) thymectomy. H...

    Authors: Shoujun Fei, Hengfu Xia, Xiaowei Chen, Dazhi Pang and Xuebing Xu

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2019 19:170

    Content type: Research article

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  26. The monitoring of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (SrO2) using near-infrared spectroscopy is useful method to detect cerebral ischemia during. Sevoflurane and propofol decrease cerebral metabolic rate (CMRO2)...

    Authors: Sanghee Park, Keunbae Yook, Kyung Yeon Yoo, Jeong Il Choi, Hong-Beom Bae, Youngwook You, Baoyuan Jin and Seongtae Jeong

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2019 19:157

    Content type: Research article

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  28. The levels of tight junction proteins (TJs), especially occludin, correlate with blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption caused by inflammation in central nervous system (CNS). It has been reported that propofol,...

    Authors: Yue Zhang, Xiaowei Ding, Changhong Miao and Jiawei Chen

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2019 19:127

    Content type: Research article

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  29. Rocuronium bromide (RB) is known to cause vascular pain. Although there have been a few reports that diluted administration causes less vascular pain, there have been no studies investigating diluted administr...

    Authors: Mayuko Kanazawa, Aiji Sato (Boku), Yoko Okumura, Mayumi Hashimoto, Naoko Tachi, Yushi Adachi and Masahiro Okuda

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2019 19:76

    Content type: Research article

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  30. Magnesium dose-dependently potentiates the effect of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents. We investigated whether the potentiation of rocuronium-induced blockade by magnesium reduces the effect of s...

    Authors: Ákos I. Fábián, Vera Csernoch, Edömér Tassonyi, Marianna Fedor and Béla Fülesdi

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2019 19:64

    Content type: Research article

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  31. In adolescents limited data are available on the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of propofol. In this study we derived a PK-PD model for propofol in adolescents undergoing idiopathic scoliosis ...

    Authors: Heleen J. Blussé van Oud-Alblas, Margreke J. E. Brill, Mariska Y. M. Peeters, Dick Tibboel, Meindert Danhof and Catherijne A. J. Knibbe

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2019 19:15

    Content type: Research article

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  32. Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is a critical pathophysiological basis of cognitive dysfunction caused by ischemia stroke. Heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is the rate-limiting enzyme for the elimination of excessive free h...

    Authors: Beibei Dong, Yongyan Yang, Zhishen Zhang, Keliang Xie, Lin Su and Yonghao Yu

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2019 19:13

    Content type: Research article

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  33. Although the neuroprotective role of propofol has been identified recently, the regulatory mechanism associated with microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) in neuronal cells remains to be poorly understood. We aimed to explo...

    Authors: Mingwei He, Haiyan Sun, Jinlei Pang, Xiangfei Guo, Yansong Huo, Xianhong Wu, Yaguang Liu and Jun Ma

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2018 18:197

    Content type: Research article

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  34. Laparoscopic surgery typically requires deep neuromuscular blockade (NMB), but whether deep or moderate NMB is superior for thoracoscopic surgery remains controversial.

    Authors: Xiao-feng Zhang, De-yuan Li, Jing-xiang Wu, Qi-liang Jiang, Hong-wei Zhu and Mei-ying Xu

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2018 18:195

    Content type: Research article

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  35. The calcium sensitizer levosimendan is increasingly used to improve hemodynamics in patients with acutely decompensated heart failure. By binding to cardiac troponin C the conformation of the calcium-troponin ...

    Authors: Frank Schuster, Stephan Johannsen, Susanne Isbary, Ismail Türkmeneli and Norbert Roewer

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2018 18:182

    Content type: Research article

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  36. Sevoflurane preconditioning induces brain ischemic tolerance, but the mechanism remains poorly elucidated. Nitration is an important form of post-translational modification in pathological signaling. This stud...

    Authors: Shiquan Wang, Yuheng Li, Jinlong Wei, Pei Li and Qianzi Yang

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2018 18:171

    Content type: Research article

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  37. The ratio of T helper 1 (Th1) to T helper 2 (Th2) as well as T helper 17 (Th17) to regulatory T cells (Treg) represents the state and direction of immune response. Recent studies demonstrated that dexmedetomid...

    Authors: Jae-Myeong Lee, Hyo-Jo Han, Won-Kyu Choi, Subin Yoo, Soojin Baek and Jaemin Lee

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2018 18:164

    Content type: Research article

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  38. The effects of the intravenous anesthetics propofol and etomidate on circulation are significantly different; however, their differing effects on miRNA expression in the cardiovascular system are not clearly u...

    Authors: Youxiu Yao, Ning Yang, Dengyang Han, Cheng Ni, Changyi Wu and Xiangyang Guo

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2018 18:149

    Content type: Research article

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  40. Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) seriously reduces quality of life and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. The causes and neuropathogenesis of POCD remain largely unknown. Resveratr...

    Authors: Bei Wang, Shengjin Ge, Wanxia Xiong and Zhanggang Xue

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2018 18:141

    Content type: Research article

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  41. With the increasing occurrence of drug shortages, understanding the pharmacokinetics of alternative intrathecal opioid administration has gained importance. In particular, additional data are needed to compreh...

    Authors: Vikas O’Reilly-Shah and Grant C Lynde

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2018 18:140

    Content type: Research article

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  42. Propofol is an excellent hypnotic drug for use in repeated radiation procedures in young children. To date, tolerance to propofol generally does not develop in pediatric patients undergoing radiation therapy. ...

    Authors: RyungA Kang, Byung Seop Shin, Young Hee Shin, Nam-Su Gil, Ye Na Oh and Ji Seon Jeong

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2018 18:125

    Content type: Research article

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  43. Several hypnotic drugs have been previously identified as modulators of food intake, but exact mechanisms remain unknown. Feeding behavior implicates several neuronal populations in the hypothalamic arcuate nu...

    Authors: E. Besnier, T. Clavier, M. C. Tonon, G. Pelletier, B. Dureuil, H. Castel and V. Compère

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2018 18:96

    Content type: Research article

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  44. Although the status of women in anesthesiology has advanced by many measures, obtaining career development funding remains challenging. Here, we sought to compare the characteristics of funded career developme...

    Authors: Lena M. Mayes, Cynthia A. Wong, Shanta Zimmer, Ana Fernandez-Bustamante and Karsten Bartels

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2018 18:95

    Content type: Research article

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  45. Ketogenic diet (KD) and exogenous ketone supplements can evoke sustained ketosis, which may modulate sleep and sleep-like effects. However, no studies have been published examining the effect of ketosis on the...

    Authors: Csilla Ari, Zsolt Kovács, Cem Murdun, Andrew P. Koutnik, Craig R. Goldhagen, Christopher Rogers, David Diamond and Dominic P. D’Agostino

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2018 18:85

    Content type: Research article

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  46. Inhalation of sevoflurane can induce neuronal apoptosis, cognitive impairment and abnormal behaviors. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can secret neurotrophic factors and cytokines to protect from oxi...

    Authors: Yanyong Cheng, Yunfeng Jiang, Lei Zhang, Jiayi Wang, Dongdong Chai, Rong Hu, Chunzhu Li, Yu Sun and Hong Jiang

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2018 18:84

    Content type: Research article

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  48. Ketamine and hyperoxia are widely used in obstetric and pediatric settings. Either ketamine or hyperoxia has been reported to cause neuroapoptosis in the developing brain, and ketamine-induced neuronal apoptos...

    Authors: Changyi Wu, Jun Wang, Xiangyang Guo and Ying Zhang

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2018 18:52

    Content type: Research article

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  49. Intra-articular local anaesthetics are widely used for providing postoperative analgesia and decreasing the need for opioids. Procaine has proven positive effects in carpal tunnel syndrome and chondromalacia p...

    Authors: Aysun Ankay Yilbas, Basak Akca, Berkem Buyukakkus, Elham Bahador Zirh, Dilara Zeybek, Filiz Uzumcugil and Fatma Saricaoglu

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2018 18:51

    Content type: Research article

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  50. There is increasing interest in whether anesthetic agents affect the risk or progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). To mitigate many of the methodological issues encountered in human retrospective cohort stu...

    Authors: Adele Woodhouse, Carmen Maria Fernandez-Martos, Rachel Alice Kathryn Atkinson, Kelsey Anne Hanson, Jessica Marie Collins, Aidan Ryan O’Mara, Nico Terblanche, Marcus Welby Skinner, James Clement Vickers and Anna Elizabeth King

    Citation: BMC Anesthesiology 2018 18:47

    Content type: Research article

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