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Table 2 APS‐POQ‐R questionnaire results 24 h after surgery

From: Erector spinae plane block versus its combination with superficial parasternal intercostal plane block for postoperative pain after cardiac surgery: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study

 

Group ESP (n = 24)

Group ESP + S-PIP (n = 23)

p value

Pain intensity

  Least pain

1 (0—2)

0 (0—1)

0.003

  Worst pain

6 (5—7)

5 (4—6)

 < 0.001

  % of time in severe pain in the first 24 h

60 (50—65)

50 (40—60)

 < 0.001

  % of pain relief in the first 24 h

70 (50—80)

100 (70—100)

 < 0.001

Pain interfered or prevented activites

  In the bed

4.5 (2.5—7)

2 (0—5)

0.004

  Out of bed

5 (3.5—7.5)

2 (0—5)

0.003

Pain interfered or prevented sleep

  Falling asleep

3 (0.5—5.5)

0 (0—1)

0.001

  Staying asleep

2 (0—5)

0 (0—1)

0.005

Pain caused you to feel

  Anxious

0.5 (0—3)

0 (0—0)

0.012

  Depressed

0 (0 – 2)

0 (0 – 0)

0.009

  Frightened

0 (0 – 0)

0 (0 – 0)

0.084

  Helplessness

0 (0 – 0)

0 (0 – 0)

0.084

Side effect

  Nause

0 (0—2)

0 (0—3)

0.963

  Drowsiness

0 (0—0)

0 (0—0)

0.328

  Itching

0 (0—0)

0 (0—0)

0.328

  Dizziness

0 (0—0)

0 (0 – 0)

0.388

Patient perception of their pain management

  Participation in pain management

10 (10—10)

10 (10—10)

0.114

  Satisfaction with pain management

9.5 (9—10)

10 (10—10)

0.001

Use of nonpharmacological interventions, n (%)

  0

23 (95.8)

16 (69.6)

–––

  1

1 (4.2)

6 (26.1)

 

  2

0 (0)

1(4.3)

 

Encourage you to use, n (%)

  Never

2 (8.3)

1 ( 4.3)

0.709

  Sometimes

10 (41.7)

8 (34.8)

  Often

12 ( 50)

14 (60.9)

Information of patients’ pain treatment option, n (%)

  Yes/no

24 (100) / 0 (0)

22 (95.7) / 1 (4.3)

0.302

How helpful

10 (9—10)

10 (10–10)

0.001

Received help in completing the questionnaire, n (%)

  Yes / No

24 (100) / 0 (0)

23 (100) / 0 (0)

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  1. Data are presented as median (interquartile range). Statistics are presented for relevant patients responses to select questions from the Revised American Pain Society Outcome Questionnaire-TR Version
  2. Abbreviations: APS‐POQ‐R American Pain Society Outcome Questionnaire- Revised, ESP erector spinae plane, S-PIP superficial parasternal intercostal plane