Table 3 Comparison of data during anesthesia process of the three groups

First-attempt success rate

22(47.8)

21(42.9)

38(77.6)^ab

0.001

Number of attempts

2[1-2]

2[1-2]

1[1-1]^ab

0.003

Number of needle redirections

2[1-3.25]

1[1-2]

1[0-2]^a

0.003

Time taken to perform spinal anesthesia

116.00[49.75-244.00]

68.00[44.50-129.50]^c

56.00[36.50-106.00]^a

0.001

Satisfaction scores

4[3-4]

4[3.5-4]

4[4-5]^ab

0.001

The onset time to pain block at T₁₀(s)

146.33 ± 26.63

145.08 ± 23.08

146.67 ± 24.35

0.945