The duration of chronic low back pain is associated with acute postoperative pain intensity in lumbar fusion surgery: a prospective observational study

Table 4 Univariate and multivariable logistic regression results with VAS night as outcome

Risk factors	Univariate logistic regression		Multivariable logistic regression
Risk factors	OR (95% CI)	p value	OR (95% CI)	p value
SAS	1.579 (1.429, 1.746)	<.0001	1.273 (1.112, 1.457)	0.0005
SDS	1.488 (1.372, 1.614)	<.0001	1.244 (1.109, 1.396)	0.0002
Chronic pain duration
< 1 year (reference)	1	NA	1	NA
1–5 years	1.803 (1.055, 3.080)	0.0311	1.069 (0.453, 2.522)	0.8781
> 5 years	7.011 (3.781, 13.002)	<.0001	3.546 (1.405, 8.951)	0.0074
BMI	1.004 (0.943, 1.068)	0.908
Aetiology of back pain
Spinal stenosis	0.924 (0.511, 1.671)	0.7925
Spondylolisthesis	1.389 (0.737, 2.617)	0.3099
Disc herniation (reference)	1	NA
Preoperative pain score (VAS)	2.962 (2.064, 4.253)	<.0001
Age	0.996 (0.973, 1.018)	0.7013
Gender (male)	1.325 (0.844, 2.081)	0.221
surgery time	1.018 (0.995, 1.041)	0.1349
smoking 0	0.707 (0.447, 1.118)	0.1381
Frail	1.098 (0.814, 1.481)	0.5404
Operation history	0.898 (0.676, 1.195)	0.4615

Variables for the multivariable logistic regression included SAS, SDS, and duration of chronic low back pain
BMI Body mass index, VAS Visual analogue scale for pain, SAS Self-rating Anxiety Scale, SDS Self-rating Depression Scale, FRAIL FRAIL scale, CI Confidence interval, OR Odds ratio, NA Not available

ISSN: 1471-2253